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Psychology of Planning
Annual Review of Psychology ( IF 23.6 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-021524-110536
Peter M. Gollwitzer, Paschal Sheeran

Planning has been studied in different fields of psychology, including cognitive, developmental, personality, social, and work and organizational research. This article looks at the planning process through the lens of motivation science, and asks the question, What kind of planning can help people reach their goals? We focus on the strategy of making if-then plans (also known as forming implementation intentions). We discuss what kinds of cognitive performance can be enhanced by if-then planning (e.g., attention control, prospective memory, executive functions, and decision making), and whether if-then planning may also benefit people's emotion control, their desired behavior change, and their pending social interactions. We point to the positive impacts of making if-then plans on thinking, feeling, and acting, and we list moderators pertaining to sample characteristics and features of the underlying goals and of the if-then plans themselves. Finally, the underlying processes of if-then planning effects are delineated in the hope of better understanding what kind of if-then planning might work best in promoting flexible but tenacious goal pursuit.

中文翻译:

 规划心理学


规划已在心理学的不同领域进行研究,包括认知、发展、人格、社会、工作和组织研究。本文通过动机科学的视角来看待规划过程,并提出了一个问题,什么样的规划可以帮助人们实现他们的目标?我们专注于制定 if-then 计划的策略(也称为形成实施意图)。我们讨论了 if-then 规划可以增强哪些类型的认知表现(例如,注意力控制、预期记忆、执行功能和决策),以及 if-then 规划是否也有益于人们的情绪控制、他们期望的行为改变和他们即将到来的社交互动。我们指出了制定 if-then 计划对思维、感受和行为的积极影响,并列出了与基本目标和 if-then 计划本身的样本特征和特征相关的主持人。最后,描述了 if-then 规划效果的基本过程,以期更好地理解什么样的 if-then 规划最能促进灵活但顽强的目标追求。
更新日期:2025-01-17
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