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Experimental investigation on gush disaster in shield tunnel driven through upper-silt and lower-sand strata
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.106393
Chen Liang, Yingchao Wang, Chaofeng Wu, Hemin Zou, Yingchao Wang
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 , DOI: 10.1016/j.tust.2025.106393
Chen Liang, Yingchao Wang, Chaofeng Wu, Hemin Zou, Yingchao Wang
Gush disasters are frequent and catastrophic in shield tunnel engineering. Silt and sand are two typical kinds of strata that gush accidents happen frequently. But the investigations concerning silt-sand composite strata are rare. This research focuses on upper-silt and lower-sand strata and adopts a set of self-built experiment system. The dip angle of the strata interface (α) and the slope of the shield tunnel (β) are taken as the variables. The results show that the collapse happens rapidly as soon as gush breach opens except the experiment of single silt stratum. The collapse process of single sand or silt stratum when tunnel is horizontal is accompanied by the formation, destruction, re-formation and re-destruction of soil-arch. But soil-arch does not appear in other groups of experiments for lack of arch base except when α is 0° and β is 30°. When β is 60°, the subsidence boundary enlarges to the interface of sand and silt. Seepage comes from the sand stratum to the main subsidence surface for its hyperpermeability and permeates downwards, resulting in a minor settlement finally. The ultimate subsidence value of all experiment groups is in the range of 80 ∼ 90 mm. The effect of tunnel slope lies in that the unstable area above gush breach can be divided as Gravity Instability Area and Slip Instability Area in early stage of collapse, but Slip Instability Area will integrate into Gravity Instability Area which enlarges in the collapse process. Pressing phenomenon exists at the lower part of strata interface. One reason is that the confined aquifer property of silt in the early moment of collapse, the other reason is that the major principal stress rotates and has a larger horizontal component.
中文翻译:
上部淤泥和下部砂岩层盾构隧道喷涌灾害试验研究
在盾构隧道工程中,涌出灾害是频繁的灾难性。淤泥和沙子是两种典型的地层,经常发生事故。但关于粉砂复合地层的研究很少见。本研究重点研究上层粉土和下层砂地层,采用一套自建实验系统。以地层界面的倾角 (α) 和盾构隧道的坡度 (β) 为变量。结果表明,除了单个淤泥层的实验外,一旦涌出裂口打开,坍塌就会迅速发生。隧道水平时单砂或淤泥层的塌陷过程伴随着土拱的形成、破坏、重新形成和再破坏。但是,由于缺乏拱形基础,土壤拱形结构不会出现在其他实验组中,除非α为 0°,β度为 30°。当 β 为 60° 时,沉降边界扩大到砂和粉砂的界面。渗漏从砂层到主要沉降面,由于其高渗透性,并向下渗透,最终导致轻微沉降。所有实验组的极限沉降值都在 80 ∼ 90 mm 范围内。隧道边坡的作用在于,在坍塌初期,涌出裂口上方的不稳定区可分为重力不稳定区和滑移失稳区,但滑移失稳区会融入重力失稳区,在塌陷过程中会扩大。Pressing 现象存在于 Strata 界面的下部。一个原因是淤泥在坍塌初期的承压含水层特性,另一个原因是主要主应力旋转并具有较大的水平分量。
更新日期:2025-01-17
中文翻译:
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上部淤泥和下部砂岩层盾构隧道喷涌灾害试验研究
在盾构隧道工程中,涌出灾害是频繁的灾难性。淤泥和沙子是两种典型的地层,经常发生事故。但关于粉砂复合地层的研究很少见。本研究重点研究上层粉土和下层砂地层,采用一套自建实验系统。以地层界面的倾角 (α) 和盾构隧道的坡度 (β) 为变量。结果表明,除了单个淤泥层的实验外,一旦涌出裂口打开,坍塌就会迅速发生。隧道水平时单砂或淤泥层的塌陷过程伴随着土拱的形成、破坏、重新形成和再破坏。但是,由于缺乏拱形基础,土壤拱形结构不会出现在其他实验组中,除非α为 0°,β度为 30°。当 β 为 60° 时,沉降边界扩大到砂和粉砂的界面。渗漏从砂层到主要沉降面,由于其高渗透性,并向下渗透,最终导致轻微沉降。所有实验组的极限沉降值都在 80 ∼ 90 mm 范围内。隧道边坡的作用在于,在坍塌初期,涌出裂口上方的不稳定区可分为重力不稳定区和滑移失稳区,但滑移失稳区会融入重力失稳区,在塌陷过程中会扩大。Pressing 现象存在于 Strata 界面的下部。一个原因是淤泥在坍塌初期的承压含水层特性,另一个原因是主要主应力旋转并具有较大的水平分量。