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Effects of fallow and chemical fertilizer applications on soil carbon and nitrogen pools in North China Plain: Medium-term and long-term trends
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2025.106450
Xiapu Gai, Hongyuan Wang, Ya Yang, Huiyuan Sun, Bo Yang, Shuxia Wu, Qiang Zhang, Xingwang Ma, Degang Zhao, Hongbin Liu

Improving soil fertility is pressingly needed for national and global sustainable development. Land fallow has been considered an important measure to alleviate the degradation of soil fertility. However, it remains unclear regarding how fallow affects soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) pools. Therefore, our objective was to assess the effects of fallow on SOC and TN pools along the 0–200 cm soil profile, and to further clarify whether its long-term effects are consistent with medium-term effects. Through a comparative field study on a fluvo-aquic soil, we evaluated both medium (11 years 1991–2001) and long-term (27 years 1991–2016) effects of two land management practices on SOC and TN pools, soil biogeochemical properties and microbial communities. The practices were: (1) natural fallow and (2) chemical N, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilizers (NPK treatment). Results showed that for the medium-term experiment, SOC and TN pools along the 0–200 cm soil profile in the fallow treatment were 10.9 %-98.9 % and 11.4 %-91.8 %, respectively, of that in NPK. For the long-term experiment, however, the SOC pools in the fallow were 1.1–1.6 times that of NPK, and for TN correspondingly 1.1–1.2 times in the 0–60 cm soil layer but only 16.4 %-75.3 % in the 60–200 cm layer. Furthermore, fallow resulted in lower microbial biomass C (MBC), N mineralization and potential nitrification rate than NPK did. Fallow increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria but decreased that of Chloroflexi and Nitrospirae. These results imply that the lower microbial activity especially the reduction of nitrification processes may have contributed to the greater soil C and N sequestration of fallow with the time prolonged. In conclusion, medium-term fallow will inhibit the increase of soil C and N storage, although it can improve soil C and N storage in the long term in North China Plain.

中文翻译:


休耕和化肥施用对华北平原土壤碳氮库的影响:中期和长期趋势



提高土壤肥力是国家和全球可持续发展的迫切需要。土地休耕被认为是缓解土壤肥力退化的重要措施。然而,关于休耕如何影响土壤有机碳 (SOC) 和总氮 (TN) 库,目前尚不清楚。因此,我们的目标是评估休耕对沿 0-200 cm 土壤剖面的 SOC 和 TN 池的影响,并进一步阐明其长期影响是否与中期影响一致。通过对潮土的比较田间研究,我们评估了两种土地管理实践对 SOC 和 TN 库、土壤生物地球化学特性和微生物群落的中期(1991-2001 年 11 年)和长期(1991-2016 年 27 年)影响。这些做法是:(1) 自然休耕和 (2) 化学氮、磷 (P) 和钾 (K) 肥料(NPK 处理)。结果表明,中期试验中,休耕处理中沿 0–200 cm 土壤剖面的 SOC 和 TN 库分别为 NPK 的 10.9 %—98.9 % 和 11.4 %—91.8 %。然而,在长期试验中,休耕土壤有机碳库是氮磷钾的 1.1-1.6 倍,TN 在 0-60 cm 土层中的相应是 1.1-1.2 倍,但在 60-200 cm 土层中只有 16.4 %-75.3 %。此外,休耕导致微生物生物量 C (MBC) 、氮矿化和潜在硝化速率低于 NPK。休耕增加了变形菌门的相对丰度,但降低了 Chloroflexi 和 Nitrospira 的相对丰度。这些结果表明,较低的微生物活性,特别是硝化过程的减少,可能是导致休耕期土壤 C 和 N 封存量增加的原因。 综上所述,中期休耕会抑制土壤C、N储量的增加,但长期可以提高华北平原土壤C、N储量。
更新日期:2025-01-09
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