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The Past, Ethnic Purity, and the Foundations of Nazi Ideology: Archaeology at War
Journal of Archaeological Research ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s10814-024-09205-6
Per Cornell, Adam Andersson

This article examines the articulation between archaeology and ideology in Nazi Germany, specifically the ideological content in archaeological narratives. We analyze German archaeology of this period in light of 19th century pan-Germanism and the German thinkers who helped shape the notion of a German national identity. Archaeology was utilized to strengthen Nazi ideology, with a particular focus on promoting ideas related to ancestry, homeland, militarism, and nationalistic fervor. The idea of Nordicism, whether pertaining to spirituality or geography, had a substantial influence on the interpretation of archaeological findings and the development of ideological narratives. The approach of Gustaf Kossinna can be viewed as the culmination of this archaeological connection to Nordicism, and it can be better understood by examining the scholars who shaped the contemporary understanding of the German national identity. Kossinna’s version of prehistory—a convoluted story of a Germanic origin—gained dominance and exerted influence over official publications and archaeological methodologies at the time. In this perspective, German was the mix of two Nordic races. This idea of a mix helped explain certain differences among populations in the Third Reich, making them part of the origin story itself. Although archaeology was not a central component of Nazi ideology, officials still showed a preference for it and employed it in many ways. Valuable knowledge obtained through a deep analysis of the Nazi case regarding the connection between ideology, warfare, and archaeological methods can help in future studies on the articulations between archaeology, ideology, and warfare.



中文翻译:


过去、种族纯洁性和纳粹意识形态的基础:战争中的考古学



本文研究了纳粹德国考古学和意识形态之间的衔接,特别是考古学叙事中的意识形态内容。我们根据 19 世纪的泛日耳曼主义和帮助塑造德国民族身份概念的德国思想家来分析这一时期的德国考古学。考古学被用来加强纳粹意识形态,特别注重推广与祖先、祖国、军国主义和民族主义热情相关的思想。北欧主义的思想,无论是与灵性还是地理有关,都对考古发现的解释和意识形态叙事的发展产生了重大影响。古斯塔夫·科辛纳 (Gustaf Kossinna) 的方法可以被视为这种考古学与北欧主义联系的高潮,通过研究塑造当代对德国民族身份理解的学者,可以更好地理解它。科辛纳的史前史版本——一个起源于日耳曼的复杂故事——在当时获得了主导地位,并对官方出版物和考古方法产生了影响。从这个角度来看,德国是两个北欧种族的混合体。这种混合的想法有助于解释第三帝国人口之间的某些差异,使它们成为起源故事本身的一部分。尽管考古学不是纳粹意识形态的核心组成部分,但官员们仍然表现出对它的偏爱,并以多种方式使用它。通过深入分析纳粹案件关于意识形态、战争和考古方法之间联系获得的宝贵知识有助于未来研究考古学、意识形态和战争之间的联系。

更新日期:2025-01-10
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