SummaryIntroductionUltrasound‐guided regional anaesthesia enhances pain control, patient outcomes and lowers healthcare costs. However, teaching this skill effectively presents challenges with current training methods. Simulation‐based medical education offers advantages over traditional methods. However, the use of instructional design features in ultrasound‐guided regional anaesthesia simulation training has not been defined. This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate the prevalence of various instructional design features in ultrasound‐guided regional anaesthesia simulation training and their correlation with learning outcomes using a modified Kirkpatrick model.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted including studies from inception to August 2024. Eligibility criteria included randomised controlled trials; controlled before‐and‐after studies; and other experimental designs focusing on ultrasound‐guided regional anaesthesia simulation training. Data extraction included study characteristics; simulation modalities; instructional design features; and outcomes.ResultsOf the 2023 articles identified, 62 met inclusion criteria. Common simulation modalities included live‐model scanning and gel phantom models. Instructional design features such as the presence of expert instructors, repetitive practice and multiple learning strategies were prevalent, showing significant improvements across multiple outcome levels. However, fewer studies assessed behaviour (Kirkpatrick level 3) and patient outcomes (Kirkpatrick level 4).DiscussionUltrasound‐guided regional anaesthesia simulation training incorporating specific instructional design features enhances educational outcome; this was particularly evident at lower Kirkpatrick levels. Optimal combinations of instructional design features for higher‐level outcomes (Kirkpatrick levels 3 and 4) remain unclear. Future research should standardise outcome measurements and isolate individual instructional design features to better understand their impact on clinical practice and patient safety.

中文翻译：

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超声引导下基于区域麻醉模拟的培训中的教学设计特点：系统评价


摘要简介超声引导下区域麻醉可增强疼痛控制、患者预后并降低医疗保健成本。然而，有效地教授这项技能会给当前的培训方法带来挑战。与传统方法相比，基于模拟的医学教育具有优势。然而，在超声引导下区域麻醉模拟训练中使用教学设计特征尚未定义。本系统评价旨在使用改良的 Kirkpatrick 模型识别和评估超声引导区域麻醉模拟训练中各种教学设计特征的普遍性及其与学习结果的相关性。方法进行了全面的文献检索，包括从建库到 2024 年 8 月的研究。纳入标准包括随机对照试验;受控的前后研究;和其他专注于超声引导区域麻醉模拟训练的实验设计。资料提取包括研究特征;模拟模式;教学设计特点;和结果。结果在确定的 2023 篇文章中，62 篇符合纳入标准。常见的模拟模式包括实时模型扫描和凝胶模型。教学设计特征，如专家讲师的存在、重复练习和多种学习策略，普遍存在，在多个结果水平上显示出显著的改进。然而，较少的研究评估行为（Kirkpatrick 3 级）和患者结局（Kirkpatrick 4 级）。讨论超声引导的区域麻醉模拟训练结合特定的教学设计特征，提高教育成果;这在较低的 Kirkpatrick 水平上尤为明显。 更高级别结果（Kirkpatrick 3 级和 4 级）的教学设计特征的最佳组合仍不清楚。未来的研究应该标准化结果测量并隔离单个教学设计特征，以更好地了解它们对临床实践和患者安全的影响。