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Low- and High-Volume Disease in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: From CHAARTED to PSMA PET—An International Multicenter Retrospective Study
The Journal of Nuclear Medicine ( IF 9.1 ) Pub Date : 2025-01-01 , DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.124.268441
Lena M. Unterrainer, Thomas A. Hope, Wolfgang P. Fendler, Tristan Grogan, Honest Ndlovu, Wesley Armstrong, Francesco Barbato, Matthias R. Benz, Matthew B. Rettig, Amar U. Kishan, Mike Sathekge, Ken Herrmann, Johannes Czernin, Jeremie Calais

High-volume disease (HVD) and low-volume disease (LVD) definitions in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients are based on conventional imaging (CI) (CT/MRI with bone scan [BS]) according to CHAARTED criteria. HVD and LVD definitions are associated with overall survival and are used for treatment decisions. It remains unknown how these definitions transfer to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET imaging. The aim of this retrospective multicenter study was to compare the CI-based disease volume criteria to PSMA PET–based volume definitions in a CHAARTED-like cohort. Methods: mHSPC patients from 5 international sites who underwent PSMA PET/CT or PSMA PET/MRI and BS within a time interval of 100 d and without initiation of a new therapy between the 2 scans were retrospectively included in the analysis. CHAARTED HVD and LVD criteria were applied to BS, CT, MRI, and PSMA PET. HVD was defined by the presence of visceral metastases or at least 4 bone metastases (with ≥1 beyond the spine or pelvis). Whole-body (WB) tumor burden was estimated with the automated bone scan index (aBSI, EXINI v2.0) on BS and with the WB PSMA PET–positive tumor volume (PSMA-TV) on PSMA PET, respectively. Results: Sixty-seven patients with paired PSMA PET and BS were included. The median prostate-specific antigen level was 54.9 ng/mL (interquartile range [IQR], 10.4–191.0 ng/mL). On the basis of CI, it was determined that 17 of 67 patients had HVD-CI (25.4%) and 50 of 67 patients had LVD-CI (74.6%). On the basis of PSMA PET, it was determined that 27 of 67 patients had HVD-PET (40.3%) and 24 of 67 patients had LVD-PET (35.8%). In total, 16 of 67 patients (22.4%) had no visible lesion or only locoregional pelvic disease (M0) with PSMA PET (M0-PET). Stage migration between CI and PSMA PET occurred in 27 of 67 patients (40.3%) by both upstaging and downstaging: 11 of 50 (22%) LVD-CI patients were HVD-PET, whereas 1 of 17 (5.9%) HVD-CI and 15 of 50 (30%) of LVD-CI patients were M0-PET. The median WB PSMA-TV and automated BS index were 248.0 mL (IQR, 54.6–1,427.0 mL) and 3.4% (IQR, 1,0–7.2%) for HVD-CI, 25.1 mL (IQR, 6.6–74.6 mL) and 0.1% (IQR, 0.0–0.2%) for LVD-CI, 141.0 mL (IQR, 47.5–458.0 mL) and 0.9% (IQR, 0.04–4.1%) for HVD-PET, and 31.5 mL (IQR, 10.1–67.9 mL) and 0% (IQR, 0–0.1%) for LVD-PET, respectively. The optimal WB PSMA-TV to stratify CI-based CHAARTED LVD-CI versus HVD-CI was 107 mL with a misclassification of 21.9%. Conclusion: Compared with CI, addition of PSMA PET leads to M0 downstaging in every third and LVD to HVD upstaging in every fifth mHSPC patient. Future HVD and LVD definitions based on PSMA PET/CT should be adjusted based on patient outcome.



中文翻译:


转移性激素敏感性前列腺癌中的低容量和高容量疾病:从 CHAARTED 到 PSMA PET——一项国际多中心回顾性研究



转移性激素敏感性前列腺癌 (mHSPC) 患者的高容量疾病 (HVD) 和低容量疾病 (LVD) 定义基于常规成像 (CI)(CT/MRI 伴骨扫描 [BS])根据 CHAARTED 标准。HVD 和 LVD 定义与总生存期相关,并用于治疗决策。目前尚不清楚这些定义如何转移到前列腺特异性膜抗原 (PSMA) PET 成像中。这项回顾性多中心研究的目的是在 CHAARTED 样队列中比较基于 CI 的疾病体积标准与基于 PSMA PET 的体积定义。方法: 回顾性纳入来自 5 个国际地点的 mHSPC 患者,这些患者在 100 d 的时间间隔内接受了 PSMA PET/CT 或 PSMA PET/MRI 和 BS,并且在 2 次扫描之间没有开始新的治疗。将 HVD 和 LVD 标准应用于 BS 、 CT 、 MRI 和 PSMA PET。HVD 定义为存在内脏转移或至少 4 个骨转移 (其中 ≥1 个超出脊柱或骨盆)。分别使用 BS 上的自动骨扫描指数 (aBSI, EXINI v2.0) 和 PSMA PET 上的 WB PSMA PET 阳性肿瘤体积 (PSMA-TV) 估计全身 (WB) 肿瘤负荷。结果:纳入 67 例 PSMA PET 和 BS 配对患者。前列腺特异性抗原水平中位数为 54.9 ng/mL(四分位距 [IQR],10.4-191.0 ng/mL)。根据 CI,确定 67 例患者中有 17 例 (25.4%) 有 HVD-CI,67 例患者中有 50 例有 LVD-CI (74.6%)。在 PSMA PET 的基础上,确定 67 例患者中有 27 例 (40.3%) 患有 HVD-PET,67 例患者中有 24 例患有 LVD-PET (35.8%)。总共 67 例患者中有 16 例 (22.4%) 没有可见病变或只有局部区域盆腔疾病 (M0) 伴有 PSMA PET (M0-PET)。 67 例患者中有 27 例 (40.3%) 发生 CI 和 PSMA PET 之间的分期迁移,分期和下期均发生:50 例 LVD-CI 患者中有 11 例 (22%) 为 HVD-PET,而 17 例 (5.9%) HVD-CI 患者中有 1 例 (5.9%) 和 50 例 LVD-CI 患者中有 15 例 (30%) 为 M0-PET。HVD-CI 的中位 WB PSMA-TV 和自动 BS 指数分别为 248.0 mL(IQR,54.6-1,427.0 mL)和 3.4%(IQR,1,0-7.2%),LVD-CI 为 25.1 mL(IQR,6.6-74.6 mL)和 0.1%(IQR,0.0-0.2%),HVD-PET 为 141.0 mL(IQR,47.5-458.0 mL)和 0.9%(IQR,0.04-4.1%),HVD-PET 为 31.5 mL(IQR,10.1-67.9 mL)和 0%(IQR, 0–0.1%)。对基于 CI 的 CHAARTED LVD-CI 与 HVD-CI 进行分层的最佳 WB PSMA-TV 为 107 mL,误分类率为 21.9%。结论:与 CI 相比,添加 PSMA PET 导致每 5 例 mHSPC 患者每 5 例 M0 分期降低,LVD 至 HVD 分期。未来基于 PSMA PET/CT 的 HVD 和 LVD 定义应根据患者结局进行调整。

更新日期:2025-01-04
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