BACKGROUND A report by the American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) showed that academic anesthesiology has the highest prevalence of sexual harassment among specialties for both men and women. We aimed to explore the prevalence, sources, and impact of sexual harassment on anesthesiologists in academic centers in the United States and Canada. We also sought recommendations for its mitigation. METHODS An anonymous online survey instrument was designed based on a previously published report, yielding 39 questions, including demographics and 4 open-ended questions. The survey was sent via email to Association of University Anesthesiologists (AUA) members, who were encouraged to share across academic anesthesiology departments in the United States and Canada. RESULTS A total of 626 responses were received; after exclusion of incomplete and nonfaculty responses, 484 complete survey responses were analyzed. 52.9% of respondents identified as men and 45.9% as women; 3 respondents (0.6%) identified as nonbinary, and 3 respondents (0.6%) preferred not to answer. 43.6% of respondents perceived there is sexual harassment in academic anesthesiology. Significantly more women than men reported presence of sexual harassment in academic medicine (65.3% vs 38.3%, P < .001), in academic anesthesiology (59.5% vs 30.1%, P < .001), and in their place of work (37.8% vs 18.3%, P < .001). 14.5% of men and 43.2% of women had experienced sexual harassment at least once in the past 12 months (P < .001). 43.7% of women reported ever experiencing unwanted physical contact in the workplace compared to 16.8% of men; 74.3% of women reported ever experiencing verbal or nonverbal conduct in the workplace related to gender that caused embarrassment, distress, or offense compared to 24.6% of men (P < .001). 8.2% of men reported feeling their clinical ability doubted, compared to 87.8% of women (P < .001). Experiences of sexual harassment were most consistent with verbal and nonverbal behaviors that convey hostility, objectification, or exclusion of members of one gender. Colleagues from anesthesiology were most likely to be reported as the source of sexual harassment (44.6% of unwanted physical contact, 59% of verbal or nonverbal conduct). The impact was described along 4 themes: emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and professional. Participants made recommendations for eliminating sexual harassment by raising awareness, providing education, establishing reporting, offering support, and ensuring accountability. CONCLUSIONS This survey confirms the high prevalence of sexual harassment in academic anesthesiology. The most common sources are anesthesiology colleagues. The recommendations for leaders and institutions include creating a professional environment free from harassment with support for targets and accountability for instigators.

中文翻译：

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学术麻醉学中的性骚扰：患病率、来源、影响和建议的调查。


背景 美国医学院协会 （AAMC） 的一份报告显示，学术麻醉学在男性和女性专业中性骚扰的发生率最高。我们旨在探讨性骚扰的流行率、来源和对美国和加拿大学术中心的麻醉师的影响。我们还寻求缓解其建议。方法 根据先前发布的报告设计了一个匿名在线调查工具，产生了 39 个问题，包括人口统计数据和 4 个开放式问题。该调查通过电子邮件发送给大学麻醉医师协会 （AUA） 成员，鼓励他们在美国和加拿大的学术麻醉学部门之间分享。结果 共收到 626 份回复;在排除不完整和非教师的回答后，分析了 484 份完整的调查回答。52.9% 的受访者认为是男性，45.9% 是女性;3 名受访者 （0.6%） 认为自己是非二元性别，3 名受访者 （0.6%） 宁愿不回答。43.6% 的受访者认为学术麻醉学中存在性骚扰。在学术医学（65.3% 对 38.3%，P < .001）、学术麻醉学（59.5% 对 30.1%，P < .001）和工作场所（37.8% 对 18.3%，P < .001）中报告存在性骚扰的女性明显多于男性。14.5% 的男性和 43.2% 的女性在过去 12 个月内至少经历过一次性骚扰 （P < .001）。43.7% 的女性报告说在工作场所经历过不必要的身体接触，而男性的这一比例为 16.8%;74.3% 的女性报告说，她们在工作场所经历过与性别有关的口头或非语言行为，导致尴尬、痛苦或冒犯，而 24% 的女性表示。6% 的男性 （P x3C .001）。8.2% 的男性报告说他们的临床能力受到怀疑，而女性为 87.8% （P < .001）。性骚扰的经历与传达敌意、物化或排斥一种性别成员的口头和非语言行为最为一致。麻醉科的同事最有可能被报告为性骚扰的来源（44.6% 的不受欢迎的身体接触，59% 的口头或非语言行为）。影响围绕 4 个主题进行了描述：情感、认知、行为和专业。参与者提出了通过提高认识、提供教育、建立报告、提供支持和确保问责制来消除性骚扰的建议。结论 这项调查证实了学术麻醉学中性骚扰的高普遍性。最常见的来源是麻醉学同事。对领导者和机构的建议包括创造一个没有骚扰的专业环境，支持目标和对煽动者进行问责。