Surface cover can effectively prevent soil erosion, serving as one of the essential soil and water conservation measures. Accurately estimating the sediment transport capacity is critical to developing soil erosion models. However, current research on the mechanism of the effect of surface cover on the sediment transport capacity is still inadequate. Therefore, the flume experiments were conducted with one slope gradient (25.88 %), one flow discharge (1.0 × 10–3 m3/s), three surface cover types (corn residue, rock fragment, and sweet potato) and seven cover levels (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, and 70 %) to investigate the effect of different surface covers on the sediment transport capacity. The results showed that the sediment transport capacity had a significantly negative correlation with the Manning coefficient and surface coverage. The reduction rate in sediment transport capacity tended to stabilize when surface coverage exceeded 30 %. Surface cover type and cover level played a significant role in reducing sediment transport capacity. The effect of cover type on reducing the sediment transport capacity is greater in a complete submersion state than that in a partial submersion state. The Manning coefficient was a comprehensive factor reflecting the effect of surface cover type and coverage on sediment transport capacity. The power function equation with the Manning coefficient provided the best simulation of sediment transport capacity. The findings will be helpful for understanding the mechanism of soil erosion under surface cover conditions and improving the predictive accuracy of soil erosion process models.

中文翻译：

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表面覆盖的机制影响沉积物的运输能力


地表覆盖可以有效防止水土流失，是必不可少的水土保持措施之一。准确估计沉积物的运输能力对于开发土壤侵蚀模型至关重要。然而，目前关于表面覆盖对泥沙运移能力影响机制的研究仍然不足。因此，以 1 个坡度梯度 （25.88 %）、1 个流量排放 （1.0 × 10–3 m3/s）、3 种表面覆盖类型（玉米残渣、岩石碎片和甘薯）和 7 个覆盖水平（0、5、10、20、30、50 和 70 %）进行水槽试验，以研究不同表面覆盖对沉积物输送能力的影响。结果表明：泥沙运移能力与曼宁系数和地表盖度呈显著负相关;当表面覆盖率超过 30 % 时，沉积物运输能力的降低率趋于稳定。表面覆盖类型和覆盖层水平对降低泥沙输运能力起着重要作用。完全淹没状态下，覆盖类型对降低泥沙输运能力的影响大于部分淹没状态下。Manning 系数是反映地表覆盖类型和覆盖度对泥沙运移能力影响的综合因子。具有 Manning 系数的幂函数方程提供了沉积物传输能力的最佳模拟。研究结果将有助于理解地表覆盖条件下土壤侵蚀的机制，并提高土壤侵蚀过程模型的预测精度。