Soil salinization is associated with soil productivity and food stocks, and hazards to the sustainable development of agriculture economics and the ecological environment. Hence, to evaluate the improvement and underlying mechanisms of agricultural amelioration practices on salinity alleviation, soil fertility improvement and crop growth, the organic fertilizer and soil amendments were applied to the rice field in coastal saline soil over one year. In this study, five treatments replicated three times were conducted in 15 experimental plots including CK (no amendments addition), OF (bio-organic fertilizer addition), OH (bio-organic fertilizer combined with hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride addition), OQ (bio-organic fertilizer combined with carbon nano sol addition), OB (bio-organic fertilizer combined with potassium fulvic acid addition). Co-application of organic fertilizer and soil amendment significantly reduced soil pH and EC by 1.3 % - 3.7 % and 14 % - 20 %, respectively. Organic treatments OH has the highest content of SOC (10.46 g kg−1) and available nitrogen (AN, 76 mg kg−1). OB treatment has the highest content of available potassium (AK, 294 mg kg−1), and the activity of soil urease (S-UE) and alkaline phosphatase (S-AKP). Organic treatments have significantly increased the plant height, leaf area, 1000-grain weight (4 %-7 %), and yield of rice (4 %-15 %) compared to CK. Organic fertilizer and amendments added explained 81 % and 68 % of the variation in SQI and rice yield, respectively. RDA analysis indicated that S-UE activity and nitrogen were the most factors that contributed to SQI and rice yield. Our results suggested that the organic fertilizer combined with soil amendments improved soil quality comprehensively, and enhanced rice growth and yield by reducing soil salt and salinity, and increasing soil biochemical properties (S-UE and N content) in coastal saline soil.

中文翻译：

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生物有机肥和不同土壤改良剂对盐渍沿海土壤减盐、土壤肥力和增产的协同作用


土壤盐碱化与土壤生产力和粮食储备有关，对农业经济和生态环境的可持续发展造成危害。因此，为了评价农业改良措施对盐分缓解、土壤肥力改善和作物生长的改进和潜在机制，在沿海盐渍土壤中施用有机肥料和土壤改良剂一年多。本研究在 15 个试验样地中进行了 3 次重复的 5 个处理，包括 CK （无改良剂添加）、OF （生物有机肥添加）、OH （生物有机肥结合水解聚马来酸酐添加）、OQ （生物有机肥结合碳纳米溶胶添加）、OB （生物有机肥结合黄腐酸钾添加）。有机肥料和土壤改良剂的共同施用使土壤 pH 值和 EC 分别显著降低了 1.3 % - 3.7 % 和 14 % - 20 %。有机处理 OH 的 SOC （10.46 g kg-1） 和有效氮 （AN， 76 mg kg-1） 含量最高。OB 处理具有最高的有效钾含量 （AK，294 mg kg-1），以及土壤脲酶 （S-UE） 和碱性磷酸酶 （S-AKP） 的活性。与 CK 相比，有机处理显著提高了水稻的株高、叶面积、千粒重 （4 %-7 %） 和产量 （4 %-15 %）。有机肥料和改良剂的添加分别解释了 SQI 和水稻产量变化的 81% 和 68%。RDA 分析表明，S-UE 活性和氮是影响 SQI 和水稻产量的最大因素。 我们的结果表明，有机肥与土壤改良剂相结合，通过降低土壤盐分和盐分，提高沿海盐渍土壤的土壤生化性质 （S-UE 和 N 含量） 全面改善了土壤质量，提高了水稻的生长和产量。