The use of supplemental irrigation could stabilise crop yields in the Pampean region in the face of climate variability. However, inadequate management of this practice could compromise soil quality. The effect supplemental irrigation on soil salinity and sodicity, nutrients, organic carbon and some physical properties was studied on a farm, with production of grains and oilseeds, in the Pampean region of Argentina. Although the groundwater used for irrigation is classified as sodium bicarbonate type, it has no risk of soil salinity and sodicity. This work was carried out on 7 plots with different conditions of soil type, soil cover and recovery time after last irrigation. Significant increases in salinity, sodicity and alkalinity due to supplemental irrigation were observed. Phosphates content (PO4) and organic carbon (OC) slightly decreased, while nitrate content (NO3) did not change significantly. It is assumed that PO4 may have decreased due to increased leaching and/or consumption by the irrigated crop, while the change in OC may be related to an increased rate of organic decomposition. Changes in physical properties were less important. Slight increases in aggregate stability (AS), bulk density (BD) and loss of clay content were observed. It may be hypothesised that the observed joint increase in salinity and sodicity may stabilise the flocculation-dispersion processes that give structure and aggregation to the soil, thus neutralising the effects of irrigation on physical properties.

中文翻译：

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潮湿的潘皮安地区的补充灌溉：对土壤盐分、物理性质、养分和有机碳的影响


面对气候多变，使用补充灌溉可以稳定 Pampean 地区的作物产量。然而，对这种做法的管理不善可能会影响土壤质量。在阿根廷 Pampean 地区的一个生产谷物和油籽的农场研究了补充灌溉对土壤盐分和钠含量、养分、有机碳和一些物理特性的影响。虽然用于灌溉的地下水被归类为碳酸氢钠型，但它没有土壤盐分和钠含量的风险。这项工作是在 7 个不同条件下的土壤类型、土壤覆盖和最后一次灌溉后的恢复时间的地块进行的。由于补充灌溉，观察到盐度、钠度和碱度显着增加。磷酸盐含量 （PO4） 和有机碳 （OC） 略有下降，而硝酸盐含量 （NO3） 没有显著变化。假设 PO4 可能是由于灌溉作物的浸出和/或消耗增加而降低的，而 OC 的变化可能与有机分解速率的增加有关。物理性质的变化不太重要。观察到骨料稳定性 （AS） 、堆积密度 （BD） 和粘土含量的损失略有增加。可以假设，观察到的盐度和钠含量的联合增加可能会稳定絮凝-分散过程，这些过程赋予土壤结构和聚集性，从而中和灌溉对物理特性的影响。