Background

Liver pathologies represent a spectrum of conditions ranging from fatty liver to the aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as parasitic infections, which collectively pose substantial global health challenges. S-palmitoylation (commonly referred to as palmitoylation), a post-translational modification (PTM) characterized by the covalent linkage of a 16-carbon palmitic acid (PA) chain to specific cysteine residues on target proteins, plays a pivotal role in diverse cellular functions and is intimately associated with the liver’s physiological and pathological states.

Aim of review

This study aims to elucidate how protein palmitoylation affects liver disease pathophysiology and evaluates its potential as a target for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

Key scientific concepts of review

Recent studies have identified the key role of protein palmitoylation in regulating the development and progression of liver diseases. This review summarizes the intricate mechanisms by which protein palmitoylation modulates the pathophysiological processes of liver diseases and explores the potential of targeting protein palmitoylation modifications or the enzymes regulating this modification as prospective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

中文翻译：

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肝脏疾病中的蛋白质棕榈酰化：功能见解和治疗策略

 背景

肝脏病理学代表了从脂肪肝到侵袭性肝细胞癌 （HCC） 以及寄生虫感染的一系列疾病，这些疾病共同构成了重大的全球健康挑战。S-棕榈酰化（通常称为棕榈酰化）是一种翻译后修饰 （PTM），其特征是 16 碳棕榈酸 （PA） 链与靶蛋白上的特定半胱氨酸残基共价键，在多种细胞功能中起着关键作用，并与肝脏的生理和病理状态密切相关。

 综述目的

本研究旨在阐明蛋白质棕榈酰化如何影响肝脏疾病病理生理学，并评估其作为诊断和治疗干预靶点的潜力。

综述的关键科学概念

最近的研究已经确定了蛋白质棕榈酰化在调节肝脏疾病发展中的关键作用。本文总结了蛋白质棕榈酰化调节肝脏疾病病理生理过程的复杂机制，并探讨了靶向蛋白质棕榈酰化修饰或调节这种修饰的酶作为前瞻性诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力。