To promote decarbonization and all electrification at residential sectors, it is necessary to use air source heat pumps (ASHPs) to replace natural gas for space heating and water heating. ASHPs are widely utilized for residential space cooling, heating, and water heating due to their simplicity and cost-effectiveness. However, their performance can be compromised in cold climates, where they may experience reduced heating capacity. A multi-functional heat pump, using a single compressor, to meet all home space conditioning and water heating demands, is an emerging technology. To address this limitation, we have developed and demonstrated an air source integrated heat pump to fulfill comprehensive home comfort requirements. This system employs a three-stage compressor and a single set of heat exchangers and valves, optimizing functionality while minimizing costs. The performance of the developed system was rigorously evaluated in both laboratory and field settings. In laboratory conditions, the system achieved a Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio of 17.0 (average COP of 4.98) and a Heating Seasonal Performance Factor of 11.0 (3.22). Additionally, in its most efficient operational mode—combining space cooling and water heating—the unit attained a total energy efficiency exceeding 7.0 seasonal COP in the field and could heat a 189-liter tank of water in just 25 min. The field study corroborated the laboratory findings, validating the system’s performance in real-world conditions. This integrated heat pump represents an ideal solution for decarbonizing homes in northern climates by providing efficient space heating and water heating, thereby replacing the need for natural gas.

中文翻译：

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采用三级压缩机的住宅空气源一体化热泵的开发与现场示范


为了促进住宅部门的脱碳和所有电气化，有必要使用空气源热泵 （ASHP） 代替天然气进行空间供暖和水加热。ASHP 因其简单性和成本效益而广泛用于住宅空间的制冷、供暖和水加热。然而，在寒冷气候下，它们的性能可能会受到影响，因为在寒冷气候下，它们的加热能力可能会降低。使用单个压缩机满足所有家庭空间调节和水加热需求的多功能热泵是一项新兴技术。为了解决这一限制，我们开发并演示了一种空气源集成热泵，以满足全面的家居舒适要求。该系统采用三级压缩机和一组热交换器和阀门，在优化功能的同时最大限度地降低了成本。所开发的系统的性能在实验室和现场环境中都经过了严格评估。在实验室条件下，该系统实现了 17.0 的季节性能效比（平均 COP 为 4.98）和 11.0 （3.22） 的供暖季节性性能系数。此外，在其最高效的运行模式（结合空间冷却和水加热）下，该装置在现场的总能源效率超过 7.0 季节性 COP，并且可以在短短 25 分钟内加热一个 189 升的水箱。现场研究证实了实验室的发现，验证了该系统在实际条件下的性能。这种集成热泵通过提供高效的空间供暖和水加热，从而取代对天然气的需求，代表了在北方气候下实现家庭脱碳的理想解决方案。