Predicting year-round daylight and solar heat gain using building simulation software is an effective approach to assessing indoor visual and thermal comfort. This study proposes a method for modelling and optimizing daylight distribution and solar heat gain in a room with a dual-grating smart window having angular-selective and vertically distributed light and solar transmission. This newly developed smart technology features a dual-grating optical filter consisting of alternating transmissive and non-transmissive strips that can be sloped on window surfaces to adapt to the Sun’s trajectory and have different transmittances along the height of the vertical window for optimal indoor daylight distribution and optimal solar heat gain. The calculation methodology was validated by numerical simulation of the illuminance distribution for a conventional double-glazed window without coatings and for the same window with four types of grating coatings. The best distribution was demonstrated by two windows with an exponential increase in the absorptive strip widths along the window height from top to bottom (1) with preset minimum and maximum strip widths in the upper and lower zones of the window and (2) with a preset total area of all absorptive strips; the distribution was worse for windows (3) with an increase in the strip widths in an arithmetic progression and (4) with their uniform distribution; the worst distribution was shown by (5) conventional window.

中文翻译：

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具有垂直分布透射率的双光栅智能窗口，可优化室内日光分布和太阳热增益


使用建筑仿真软件预测全年的日光和太阳热增益是评估室内视觉和热舒适度的有效方法。本研究提出了一种在具有角度选择性和垂直分布光和太阳能传输的双光栅智能窗的房间中建模和优化日光分布和太阳热增益的方法。这项新开发的智能技术采用双光栅滤光片，由交替的透射和非透射条组成，可以在窗户表面倾斜以适应太阳的轨迹，并沿垂直窗户的高度具有不同的透射率，以实现最佳的室内日光分布和最佳的太阳热增益。通过对没有涂层的常规双层玻璃窗和具有四种光栅涂层的同一窗户的照度分布进行数值模拟，验证了该计算方法。最佳分布由两个窗口证明，吸收条带宽度沿窗口高度从上到下呈指数增加 （1） 在窗口的上部和下部区域预设最小和最大条带宽度，以及 （2） 所有吸收条带的总面积预设;窗户的分布更差 （3） 随着条带宽度在算术级数中增加，以及 （4） 它们的均匀分布;最差的分布由 （5） 传统窗口显示。