Wood–plastic composite (WPC) possesses the advantages of both plastic and wood materials and has been widely applied to replace solid wood both outdoors (floor and railing of park and garden) and indoors (floor, wallboard, furniture, etc.). However, there will be high surface temperature (more than 55 °C) for outdoor applied WPC plates in the summer, which seriously affects the thermal comfort of human. Herein, we propose a triple thermal management strategy to solve the above problem of WPC plates by combining heat conduction, high solar reflection, and radiation cooling to quickly dissipate heat while blocking solar absorption, and fabricate a trilayer WPC plate with excellent comprehensive properties. The embedded titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles not only significantly improve the solar reflectance (53.8%) and mid-infrared emissivity (89.2%) of the colored top layer but also endow the surface with good hydrophobicity and abrasion resistance. By incorporating hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and short-cut glass fibers (GF) into the core layer of the WPC to enhance the thermal conductivity (0.9–1 W/(m·K)) and impact strength (8.7 kJ/m²), the heat accumulation of the surface and the overall mechanical strength are improved. For the bottom layer, addition of h-BN increases its thermal conduction and improves downward thermal transfer from the surface besides the water-proof function. Notably, the outdoor tests show that the trilayer WPC plate can keep around 45 °C, about 10 °C lower than the ordinary WPC plate under direct sunlight. This strategy of combining thermal conduction, high solar reflection, and radiation cooling offers promising avenues for developing advanced thermal management WPC plates and cooling designs for other outdoor facilities.

中文翻译：

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三重热管理木塑复合板，具有优异的防水和机械性能


木塑复合材料 （WPC） 兼具塑料和木质材料的优点，并已被广泛应用于替代室外（公园和花园的地板和栏杆）和室内（地板、墙板、家具等）的实木。但是，夏季室外应用木塑板会出现较高的表面温度（超过 55 °C），严重影响人体的热舒适度。在此，我们提出了一种三重热管理策略来解决 WPC 板的上述问题，通过结合热传导、高太阳反射和辐射冷却来快速散热，同时阻止太阳能吸收，并制备出具有优异综合性能的三层 WPC 板。嵌入的二氧化钛 （TiO₂） 纳米颗粒不仅显著提高了彩色表层的太阳反射率 （53.8%） 和中红外发射率 （89.2%），还赋予了表面良好的疏水性和耐磨性。通过在 WPC 的芯层中加入六方氮化硼 （h-BN） 和短切玻璃纤维 （GF），以提高导热系数 （0.9–1 W/（m·K）） 和冲击强度 （8.7 kJ/m²），从而提高了表面的热积累和整体机械强度。对于底层，添加 h-BN 除了具有防水功能外，还增加了其热传导并改善了从表面向下的热传递。值得注意的是，户外测试表明，在阳光直射下，三层木塑板可以保持 45 °C 左右，比普通木塑板低约 10 °C。 这种将热传导、高太阳反射和辐射冷却相结合的策略为开发先进的热管理 WPC 板和用于其他户外设施的冷却设计提供了有前途的途径。