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N2O emissions from controlled-release and conventional N-fertilizers applied to red-yellow soil in Okinawa, Japan
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2024.106376
W.B.M.A.C. Bandara, Kazuhito Sakai, Mitsumasa Anan, Shinya Nakamura, Hideki Setouchi, Kosuke Noborio, Takamitsu Kai, R.H.K. Rathnappriya
Soil and Tillage Research ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 , DOI: 10.1016/j.still.2024.106376
W.B.M.A.C. Bandara, Kazuhito Sakai, Mitsumasa Anan, Shinya Nakamura, Hideki Setouchi, Kosuke Noborio, Takamitsu Kai, R.H.K. Rathnappriya
In Okinawa, Japan, controlled-release N fertilizers (CRFs) are promoted to reduce labor and to increase fertilizer use efficiency. However, N2 O emissions from N fertilizer applied to the widely prevalent Kunigami mahji (red-yellow soil), a local soil in the region, have not been examined so far. We conducted two laboratory experiments during winter and spring to compare N2 O emissions between CRF and standard fertilizer (ammonium sulfate: AS) in kunigami mahji . Two seasons were selected to explore the effects of moisture and temperature on N2 O emissions in relation to N fertilization. For each experiment, three soil chambers were used, each containing 1.4 kg of soil: one served as a control, and the other two received 1 g of nitrogen from either a linear-release-type CRF with 42 % N or AS with 21 % N. Over 9 weeks, N₂O emissions from the headspace of each chamber were measured every minute for 20 min, followed by 70 min of ventilation, in a continuous 90-minute cycle repeated throughout the study. Soil moisture, soil temperature, NO, and NO3 -N and NH4 -N in leachate were also analyzed. In Exp A (winter), nitrification was dominant, and N2 O emission from CRF (emission factor, EF, 0.4 %) was 88 % lower than that from AS (EF 3.9 %). In Exp B (spring), denitrification was dominant, and N2 O emission from CRF (EF 1.9 %) was 53 % lower than that from AS (EF 4 %). The frequently lower water-filled pore space (WFPS) in Exp A than in Exp B facilitated higher NO emission from AS than from CRF. Due to the consistently high WFPS in Exp B, most of the NO3− in the soil was reduced to N2 O and N2 . N is more readily available in AS than in CRF, facilitating higher cumulative leaching of NH4 -N from AS. However, in both experiments, AS was denitrified more than CRF, producing more N2 O and resulting in lower leaching of NO3 -N. Our results highlight that choosing the appropriate form of fertilizer and good management of soil moisture content can reduce N2 O emissions and leaching of NO3 − and NH4 + .
中文翻译:
日本冲绳红黄土壤控释和常规氮肥的 N2O 排放
在日本冲绳,推广控释氮肥 (CRF) 以减少劳动力并提高肥料使用效率。然而,到目前为止,尚未检查施用该地区广泛流行的国头麻签(红黄土)的氮肥排放的 N2O。我们在冬季和春季进行了两次实验室实验,以比较 CRF 和标准肥料(硫酸铵:AS)在飓上麻将中的 N2O 排放。选择了两个季节来探讨水分和温度对与氮肥施肥相关的 N2O 排放的影响。对于每个实验,使用三个土壤室,每个土壤室包含 1.4 公斤土壤:一个作为对照,另外两个从含 42% N 的线性释放型 CRF 或含 21% N 的 AS 中接收 1 g 氮。在 9 周内,每分钟测量一次来自每个腔室顶部空间的 N₂O 排放量,持续 20 分钟,然后通气 70 分钟,在整个研究过程中以连续 90 分钟的周期重复。还分析了土壤水分、土壤温度、NO 以及渗滤液中的 NO3-N 和 NH4-N。在 Exp A(冬季),硝化作用占主导地位,CRF 的 N2O 排放(排放因子,EF,0.4 %)比 AS 的 N2O 排放(EF 3.9 %)低 88%。在 Exp B(春季)中,反硝化作用占主导地位,CRF 的 N2O 排放量 (EF 1.9 %) 比 AS 的 N2O 排放量 (EF 4 %) 低 53 %。Exp A 中的充水孔隙空间 (WFPS) 通常低于 Exp B,因此 AS 的 NO 排放高于 CRF。由于 Exp B 中持续较高的 WFPS,土壤中的大部分 NO3− 被还原为 N2O 和 N2。N 在 AS 中比在 CRF 中更容易获得,从而促进了 NH4-N 从 AS 中更高累积地浸出。 然而,在这两个实验中,AS 的反硝化程度高于 CRF,产生更多的 N2O 并导致 NO3-N 的浸出率较低。我们的结果强调,选择合适的肥料形式和良好的土壤含水量管理可以减少 N2O 排放和 NO3− 和 NH4+ 的浸出。
更新日期:2024-12-18
中文翻译:
![](https://scdn.x-mol.com/jcss/images/paperTranslation.png)
日本冲绳红黄土壤控释和常规氮肥的 N2O 排放
在日本冲绳,推广控释氮肥 (CRF) 以减少劳动力并提高肥料使用效率。然而,到目前为止,尚未检查施用该地区广泛流行的国头麻签(红黄土)的氮肥排放的 N2O。我们在冬季和春季进行了两次实验室实验,以比较 CRF 和标准肥料(硫酸铵:AS)在飓上麻将中的 N2O 排放。选择了两个季节来探讨水分和温度对与氮肥施肥相关的 N2O 排放的影响。对于每个实验,使用三个土壤室,每个土壤室包含 1.4 公斤土壤:一个作为对照,另外两个从含 42% N 的线性释放型 CRF 或含 21% N 的 AS 中接收 1 g 氮。在 9 周内,每分钟测量一次来自每个腔室顶部空间的 N₂O 排放量,持续 20 分钟,然后通气 70 分钟,在整个研究过程中以连续 90 分钟的周期重复。还分析了土壤水分、土壤温度、NO 以及渗滤液中的 NO3-N 和 NH4-N。在 Exp A(冬季),硝化作用占主导地位,CRF 的 N2O 排放(排放因子,EF,0.4 %)比 AS 的 N2O 排放(EF 3.9 %)低 88%。在 Exp B(春季)中,反硝化作用占主导地位,CRF 的 N2O 排放量 (EF 1.9 %) 比 AS 的 N2O 排放量 (EF 4 %) 低 53 %。Exp A 中的充水孔隙空间 (WFPS) 通常低于 Exp B,因此 AS 的 NO 排放高于 CRF。由于 Exp B 中持续较高的 WFPS,土壤中的大部分 NO3− 被还原为 N2O 和 N2。N 在 AS 中比在 CRF 中更容易获得,从而促进了 NH4-N 从 AS 中更高累积地浸出。 然而,在这两个实验中,AS 的反硝化程度高于 CRF,产生更多的 N2O 并导致 NO3-N 的浸出率较低。我们的结果强调,选择合适的肥料形式和良好的土壤含水量管理可以减少 N2O 排放和 NO3− 和 NH4+ 的浸出。