Intercropping with green manure is recognized as a sustainable and ecological agricultural practice that regulates soil microbial activity and promotes plant growth. Despite its potential benefits, the impact of tea plants intercropping green manure on organic plantations remains largely unexplored. This study primarily evaluated the effects of intercropping summer green manure and winter green manure (TSR: tea intercropping soybean + ryegrass; TMR: tea intercropping mung bean + radish; TSC: tea intercropping soybean + common vetch; TM: tea plant monoculture, consider as control) on soil microbial community composition, tea quality, and bacterial function in an organic tea plantation. Relative to TM, TMR improved soil physical structure by decreasing the soil penetration resistance and bulk density by 30.4% and 9.30% (p < 0.05), thus creating a conducive environment for microbial growth and activity. The composition and beta diversity of microbial communities have markedly differed after intercropping, attributed to changes in soil available nutrients, enzyme activities, and soil compaction. Intercropping increased the relative abundance of key microbial phyla, including Acidobacteriota, Firmicutes, Chytridiomycota, and Rozellomycota. Notably, TSR and TSC enhanced nitrogen fixation function by enriching beneficial microorganisms, such as Bradyrhizobium and Clostridium_beijerinckii, which were mediated by soil available potassium. The content of amino acids in tea leaves was increased by 20.2% under TMR. The partial least squares path model further revealed that intercropping with green manure improved tea quality by decreasing soil penetration resistance and increasing soil available phosphorus. Overall, intercropping with green manure can effectively reshape the microbial community and improve tea quality by affecting the soil environment, underscoring the importance of adopting intercropping strategies in organic plantations.

中文翻译：

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与绿肥间作通过在有机管理下改变土壤有效养分来调节微生物群落结构并提高茶叶品质


使用绿肥进行间作被认为是一种可持续的生态农业实践，可以调节土壤微生物活动并促进植物生长。尽管有潜在的好处，但茶树间作绿肥对有机种植园的影响在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本研究主要评价了夏绿肥和冬绿肥间作的效果（TSR：茶间作大豆 + 黑麦草;TMR： 茶叶间作绿豆 + 萝卜;TSC： 茶叶间作大豆 + 紫云英;TM： 茶树单一栽培，考虑作为对照）对有机茶园土壤微生物群落组成、茶品质和细菌功能的影响。相对于 TM，TMR 通过将土壤渗透阻力和容重降低 30.4% 和 9.30% （p < 0.05） 来改善土壤物理结构，从而为微生物的生长和活动创造了有利的环境。间作后微生物群落的组成和 β 多样性存在显著差异，这归因于土壤有效养分、酶活性和土壤压实的变化。间作增加了关键微生物门的相对丰度，包括 Acidobacteriota、Firmicutes、Chytridiomycota 和 Rozellomycota。值得注意的是，TSR 和 TSC 通过富集土壤速效钾介导的有益微生物（如 Bradyrhizobium 和 Clostridium_beijerinckii）来增强固氮功能。TMR 下茶叶中氨基酸含量增加了 20.2%。偏最小二乘路径模型进一步揭示了绿肥间作通过降低土壤渗透阻力和增加土壤有效磷来提高茶叶品质。 总体而言，绿肥间作可以通过影响土壤环境有效地重塑微生物群落并提高茶叶品质，这凸显了在有机种植园中采用间作策略的重要性。