Nowadays, metasurfaces have attracted considerable attention due to their promising and advanced control of electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, it is still challenging to shape guided waves into desired free‐space mode, while simultaneously manipulating spatial incident waves using a single metasurface. Herein, a class of metasurfaces capable of multiplexing guided and space waves is proposed to achieve advanced EM functionalities in microwave regions, which can find great application potentials in radar systems, wireless communications, and wireless power transfer (WPT). The proposed metasurface, composed of specially designed meta‐atoms with polarization‐dependent radiation and reflection properties, provides the capability to fully manipulate complex amplitude of guided waves and reflection phase of space incident wave independently and simultaneously, thus enabling arbitrary radiation and reflection functionalities without encountering crosstalk issues. As examples of potential applications, three advanced EM functionalities operating in both far‐field and near‐field regions are presented: low‐sidelobe microwave antenna with reduced radar cross section (RCS), multifunctional WPT, and feed multiplexed holograms, respectively. The far‐field characteristics of the low sidelobe level antennas showing radiated beams at ± 30° together with RCS reduction under arbitrarily polarized incidences are validated by both simulations and measurements. A good agreement between experiments and simulations is also observed for the near‐field intensity distribution of the hologram, which further validates the feasibility of near‐field shaping. The findings significantly expand the capabilities of metasurfaces in manipulating EM waves and stimulate advanced multifunctional metadevices facing more challenging and diversified application demands.

中文翻译：

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用于微波区域高级电磁功能的导波和空间波多路复用超表面


如今，超表面因其对电磁 （EM） 波的有前途和先进的控制而引起了相当大的关注。然而，将导波塑造成所需的自由空间模式，同时使用单个超表面操纵空间入射波仍然具有挑战性。在此，提出了一类能够对导波和空间波进行多路复用的超构表面，以在微波区域实现先进的电磁功能，这在雷达系统、无线通信和无线电力传输 （WPT） 中具有巨大的应用潜力。所提出的超表面由专门设计的具有偏振依赖性辐射和反射特性的超原子组成，能够独立且同时地完全操纵导波的复杂振幅和空间入射波的反射相位，从而实现任意辐射和反射功能，而不会遇到串扰问题。作为潜在应用的示例，介绍了在远场和近场区域运行的三种高级电磁功能：分别是雷达散射截面积 （RCS） 的低旁瓣微波天线、多功能 WPT 和馈源多路复用全息图。低旁瓣电平天线的远场特性显示 ± 30° 的辐射波束以及任意极化入射下的 RCS 降低，通过仿真和测量得到了验证。全息图的近场强度分布也观察到实验和仿真之间的良好一致性，这进一步验证了近场整形的可行性。 研究结果显著扩展了超表面操纵电磁波的能力，并刺激了面临更具挑战性和多样化应用需求的先进多功能超构器件。