Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have great promise for applications in wearable technology and space photovoltaics. However, the unpredictable crystallization of perovskite on flexible substrates results in significantly lower efficiency and mechanical durability than industry standards. A strategy is investigated employing the polymer electrolyte poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) to regulate crystallization and passivate defect states in perovskite films on flexible substrates. The weakly acidic precursor allows PAH to undergo partial ionization, leading to the protonation of some ─NH3+ groups into ─NH3+. Simulations and experimental results indicate that multifunctional PAH forms strong chemical interactions with precursors of perovskite materials including Formamidine Hydroiodide (FAI) and Lead Iodide (PbI2), facilitating homogenous nucleation and growth of crystals of perovskite films. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) reveals that PAH strongly anchors to grain boundaries (GBs), consistent with findings from photo‐induced force microscopy‐based infrared spectroscopy (PiFM‐IR). PAH improves the uniformity distribution of Young's modulus between the grains and GBs, facilitating stress relief in the perovskite films. Therefore, the champion efficiency of PAH‐modified FPSCs reaches 24.19% and exhibits strong bending durability, retaining 87.9% of their initial efficiency after 2500 bending cycles (r = 5 mm), demonstrating their practical application potential in outdoor wearable electronic products.

中文翻译：

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通过聚合物电离和化学螯合调节应变和抑制缺陷状态，用于高效的倒置柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池


柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池 （FPSC） 在可穿戴技术和太空光伏领域的应用前景广阔。然而，钙钛矿在柔性衬底上的不可预测结晶导致效率和机械耐久性明显低于行业标准。研究了一种采用聚合物电解质聚（盐酸烯丙胺）（PAH）来调节柔性衬底上钙钛矿薄膜结晶和钝化缺陷状态的策略。弱酸性前体允许 PAH 发生部分电离，导致一些 ─NH ₃ ⁺ 基团质子化为 ─NH ₃ ⁺ 。模拟和实验结果表明，多功能 PAH 与钙钛矿材料的前驱体形成强化学相互作用，包括甲脒氢碘化物 （FAI） 和碘化铅 （PbI ₂ ），促进钙钛矿薄膜晶体的均匀成核和生长。高分辨率透射电子显微镜 （HR-TEM） 显示 PAH 强烈锚定在晶界 （GB） 上，这与基于光诱导力显微镜的红外光谱 （PiFM-IR） 的结果一致。PAH 改善了晶粒和 GB 之间杨氏模量的均匀性分布，有助于消除钙钛矿薄膜中的应力。因此，PAH 改性 FPSCs 的冠军效率达到 24.19%，并表现出很强的弯曲耐久性，在 2500 次弯曲循环 （r = 5 mm） 后仍保持 87.9% 的初始效率，展示了它们在户外可穿戴电子产品中的实际应用潜力。