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Simultaneous Improvement of Oxygen Barrier and Stiffness in High-Density Polyethylene via Effective Integration of Interface Engineering with in Situ Ethylene–Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer Nanofibrillation
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c16994 Mohamad Kheradmandkeysomi, Amirmehdi Salehi, Hosseinali Omranpour, Reza Rahmati, Amirjalal Jalali, Chul B. Park
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces ( IF 8.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 , DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c16994 Mohamad Kheradmandkeysomi, Amirmehdi Salehi, Hosseinali Omranpour, Reza Rahmati, Amirjalal Jalali, Chul B. Park
In this study, we proposed a novel technique to simultaneously enhance the oxygen barrier properties and stiffness of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) while preserving its ductility. By utilizing in situ nanofibrillation, fiber-in-fiber composites of an HDPE matrix and ethylene–vinyl alcohol (EVOH) nanofibers were fabricated. Due to the high interfacial tension between HDPE and EVOH, stemming from their differences in chemical structure and polarity, styrene/ethylene-butylene/styrene copolymer grafted with maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MA) was used as a compatibilizer to improve the affinity between the two polymers. SEM images revealed that the presence of the compatibilizer resulted in smaller fiber sizes (reduced to 65 ± 27 nm from 147 ± 54 nm for 6 wt % compatibilized EVOH compared to noncompatibilized samples), higher aspect ratios, and better distribution. Increasing the aspect ratio and improving nanofiber distribution reduced HDPE’s oxygen permeability by 61% after incorporating 10 wt % compatibilized EVOH nanofibers. Additionally, the nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization indicated that EVOH nanofibers reduced the amount of crystallinity and slowed crystallization kinetics. The alteration in HDPE crystalline structure and its effect on permeability properties were also addressed. Finally, tensile test results indicated that the incorporation of 10 wt % EVOH nanofibers, regardless of the presence of the compatibilizer, increased HDPE Young’s modulus by around 50%. However, without the compatibilizer, there was a significant reduction in HDPE elongation at the break. The incorporation of the compatibilizer allowed for increased stiffness while preserving HDPE ductility. These promising findings underscore potential applications across rigid and soft packaging.
中文翻译:
通过将界面工程与原位乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物纳米纤维化有效集成,同时提高高密度聚乙烯中的氧阻隔性和刚度
在这项研究中,我们提出了一种新技术,可以在保持其延展性的同时提高高密度聚乙烯 (HDPE) 的氧阻隔性能和刚度。通过利用原位纳米纤化,制备了 HDPE 基体和乙烯-乙烯醇 (EVOH) 纳米纤维的纤维-纤维复合材料。由于 HDPE 和 EVOH 之间的高界面张力,由于它们的化学结构和极性不同,使用苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐 (SEBS-g-MA) 作为相容剂,以提高两种聚合物之间的亲和力。SEM 图像显示,相容剂的存在导致更小的纤维尺寸(与非相容样品相比,对于 6 wt % 相容 EVOH ± 54 nm 从 147 nm 减少到 65 ± 27 nm)、更高的纵横比和更好的分布。在掺入 10 wt % 相容的 EVOH 纳米纤维后,增加纵横比和改善纳米纤维分布使 HDPE 的透氧率降低了 61%。此外,非等温和等温结晶表明 EVOH 纳米纤维降低了结晶度并减慢了结晶动力学。还解决了 HDPE 晶体结构的改变及其对磁导率特性的影响。最后,拉伸测试结果表明,无论是否存在增容剂,掺入 10 wt % EVOH 纳米纤维都会使 HDPE Young 模量增加约 50%。然而,在没有增容剂的情况下,HDPE 断裂时的伸长率显着降低。增容剂的加入可以提高刚度,同时保持 HDPE 的延展性。 这些有希望的发现强调了硬包装和软包装的潜在应用。
更新日期:2024-12-19
中文翻译:
通过将界面工程与原位乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物纳米纤维化有效集成,同时提高高密度聚乙烯中的氧阻隔性和刚度
在这项研究中,我们提出了一种新技术,可以在保持其延展性的同时提高高密度聚乙烯 (HDPE) 的氧阻隔性能和刚度。通过利用原位纳米纤化,制备了 HDPE 基体和乙烯-乙烯醇 (EVOH) 纳米纤维的纤维-纤维复合材料。由于 HDPE 和 EVOH 之间的高界面张力,由于它们的化学结构和极性不同,使用苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐 (SEBS-g-MA) 作为相容剂,以提高两种聚合物之间的亲和力。SEM 图像显示,相容剂的存在导致更小的纤维尺寸(与非相容样品相比,对于 6 wt % 相容 EVOH ± 54 nm 从 147 nm 减少到 65 ± 27 nm)、更高的纵横比和更好的分布。在掺入 10 wt % 相容的 EVOH 纳米纤维后,增加纵横比和改善纳米纤维分布使 HDPE 的透氧率降低了 61%。此外,非等温和等温结晶表明 EVOH 纳米纤维降低了结晶度并减慢了结晶动力学。还解决了 HDPE 晶体结构的改变及其对磁导率特性的影响。最后,拉伸测试结果表明,无论是否存在增容剂,掺入 10 wt % EVOH 纳米纤维都会使 HDPE Young 模量增加约 50%。然而,在没有增容剂的情况下,HDPE 断裂时的伸长率显着降低。增容剂的加入可以提高刚度,同时保持 HDPE 的延展性。 这些有希望的发现强调了硬包装和软包装的潜在应用。