Ultramicro pipettes with circular orifices have practically become common probes in exploring the microscopic world, yet the versatility of differently shaped pipettes is undermined in the pore family. Herein, ultramicro triangular pipettes with a pseudotriangular-shaped orifice were fabricated by laser-pulling triangular quartz capillaries and characterized by microscopic and electrochemical methods. Then, the differences in the electrochemical behaviors of triangular and circular pores were revealed through experiments and simulations. A liquid/liquid interface was supported first at a triangular pipette, and the facilitated potassium ion transfer reactions exhibited steady-state voltammetric responses. An empirical equation for triangular pores between the diffusion-limited current and the side length (a) of the orifice was evaluated, and the corresponding mass transfer coefficient of ion ingress was estimated as m_Tri = 8.05D/a. As for ion egress transfer, the tip angle and pore shape would affect the diffusion regime and the ion distribution, where the mass transfer would be enhanced at the corners of a triangular pipette with a large tip angle. Triangular submicropores and nanopores were employed to detect particle translocations at a high capture rate, though the events had broader distributions and lower charges than those of circular pores. These findings demonstrate the shape effect in triangular pores that promotes the mass transfer rate of interfacial ion transfer reactions and the capture rate of ionic blockades. The universal laser-pulling method could make ultramicro pores of arbitrary shapes accessible in fundamental studies and applicable as chemical sensors.

中文翻译：

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超微量三角移液器的电化学特性


带有圆形孔的超微量移液器实际上已成为探索微观世界的常见探针，但不同形状的移液器的多功能性在 pore 家族中受到破坏。在此，通过激光拉动三角形石英毛细管制备了具有伪三角形孔口的超微量三角移液器，并通过显微和电化学方法进行了表征。然后，通过实验和模拟揭示了三角形和圆形孔的电化学行为的差异。首先在三角形移液器上支持液/液界面，促进钾离子转移反应表现出稳态伏安响应。评估了扩散极限电流与孔口边长 （a） 之间的三角形孔的经验方程，并估计离子进入的相应传质系数为 m_Tri = 8.05D/a。对于离子流出转移，枪头角度和孔隙形状会影响扩散状态和离子分布，其中传质将在具有大枪头角度的三角形移液器的角落得到增强。三角形亚微孔和纳米孔用于以高捕获速率检测粒子易位，尽管这些事件比圆孔具有更广泛的分布和更低的电荷。这些发现证明了三角形孔的形状效应促进了界面离子转移反应的传质速率和离子阻断物的捕获速率。通用的激光拉动方法可以使任意形状的超微孔在基础研究中可用，并可用作化学传感器。