Supraparticles, formed through the self-assembly of nanoparticles, are promising contenders in catalysis, sensing, and drug delivery due to their exceptional specific surface area and porosity. However, their mechanical resilience, especially in dimensions spanning micrometers and beyond, is challenged by the inherently weak interactions among their constituent building blocks, significantly constraining their broad applicability. Here, we have exploited a robust supraparticle fabrication strategy by integrating hydrogel components into the assembly system and evaporating on the superamphiphobic surface. The resultant SiO₂/SA (sodium alginate) supraparticles, achieved by evaporating a 15% volume fraction dispersion of SiO₂ nanoparticles containing 18.46 mg/mL of sodium alginate and subsequently cross-linking with Ca²⁺, demonstrate mechanical robustness with a fracture force of 6.04 N, representing a mechanical strength enhancement of 60 times higher than that prior to the incorporation of the hydrogel component. The supraparticles maintain their original morphology after 30 min of ultrasonic treatment (200 W), demonstrating mechanical stability. This method exhibits generalizability, enabling the customization of supraparticles with various building blocks and hydrogel backbone materials. Based on such a methodology, we have synthesized enzyme-carrying supraparticles, further expanding the potential applications in intricate cascade reactions. The encapsulated glucose oxidase and horseradish peroxidase maintained their inherent reactivity, and such hydrogel-assisted robust supraparticles exhibited exceptional performance in accurate glucose assays, indicating great practical application in biocatalysis.

中文翻译：

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从液滴蒸发进化而来的水凝胶辅助稳健超粒子


通过纳米颗粒的自组装形成的超粒子由于其特殊的比表面积和孔隙率，是催化、传感和药物递送方面的有前途的竞争者。然而，它们的机械弹性，尤其是在微米及以上的尺寸中，受到其组成构件之间固有的弱相互作用的挑战，这极大地限制了它们的广泛适用性。在这里，我们通过将水凝胶组件集成到组装系统中并在超两疏表面上蒸发，利用了一种强大的超粒子制造策略。通过蒸发含有 18.46 mg/mL 海藻酸钠的 SiO₂ 纳米颗粒的 15% 体积分数分散体，随后与 Ca²⁺ 交联，得到的 SiO₂/SA（海藻酸钠）超颗粒在 6.04 N 的断裂力下表现出机械强度，比掺入水凝胶组分之前提高了 60 倍。超声处理 30 分钟 （200 W） 后，超颗粒保持其原始形态，表现出机械稳定性。这种方法表现出可推广性，能够使用各种构建块和水凝胶骨架材料定制超粒子。基于这种方法，我们合成了携带酶的超粒子，进一步扩展了在复杂级联反应中的潜在应用。包埋的葡萄糖氧化酶和辣根过氧化物酶保持了其固有的反应性，这种水凝胶辅助的稳健超颗粒在准确的葡萄糖测定中表现出优异的性能，表明在生物催化中具有很大的实际应用。