Since their inception, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors have been enabling quantum optical applications and the rise of the photonic quantum industry. The evolution in the detector design and read-out strategies has led to the introduction of devices with a plurality of independent pixels, which have been able to operate with high system detection efficiency at high speed while also supporting photon number resolution capabilities. However, this comes at the cost of a complex readout that requires one coaxial cable for each pixel of the array. Here, we report a 28-pixel SNSPD with a dedicated parallel architecture that, while maintaining a simple readout with a single coaxial line, enables the detector to operate at high speed with low-performance degradation. The device shows a maximum single-photon efficiency of 88% and is able to maintain its efficiency above 50%, coupled with a timing jitter lower than 80 ps, up to a detection rate of 200 million counts per second. The detector also provides state-of-the-art photon-number-resolving performances with a 2-photon efficiency of 75% and a 3-photon efficiency of 62%.

中文翻译：

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通过可扩展的并行 SNSPD 提高检测率和高光子数效率


自问世以来，超导纳米线单光子探测器一直在推动量子光学应用和光子量子工业的兴起。探测器设计和读出策略的演变导致了具有多个独立像素的器件的推出，这些器件能够以高系统检测效率高速运行，同时还支持光子数分辨率能力。然而，这是以复杂的读数为代价的，阵列的每个像素都需要一根同轴电缆。在这里，我们报道了一个具有专用并行架构的 28 像素 SNSPD，它在保持单条同轴线的简单读数的同时，使探测器能够高速运行，性能下降。该器件的最大单光子效率为 88%，并且能够将其效率保持在 50% 以上，再加上低于 80 ps 的定时抖动，检测率高达每秒 2 亿个计数。该探测器还提供最先进的光子数分辨性能，2 光子效率为 75%，3 光子效率为 62%。