The recovery of soil aggregates is crucial for improving soil quality in highly compacted reclaimed farmlands in coal mining subsidence areas. This study aimed to explore the key factors and mechanisms affecting aggregate recovery in reclaimed mine soil (RMS). Surface soil samples (0 ∼ 20 cm) were collected from reclaimed farmlands with varying reclamation durations (0, 2, 6, 12, 16, and 22 years) and adjacent non-subsidence cultivated soil (NCS). A total of 20 soil indicators were analyzed. Complex network theory was then applied to explore their interrelationships and identify critical factors influencing aggregate distribution. The results showed that mechanical compaction during geomorphic reshaping disrupted macroaggregates, reduced aggregate stability, accelerated organic carbon mineralization, and diminished microbial activity. This also resulted in increased complexity and disorder of soil property interactions. After 22 years of reclamation, the proportion of 2 ∼ 0.25 mm aggregates increased by 25.92 %, while 0.25 ∼ 0.053 mm aggregates decreased by 40.93 %. The mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter increased by 34.48 % and 69.54 %, respectively. Soil organic carbon (SOC) increased by 250.94 %, and microbial biomass by 123.07 %. However, RMS still exhibited differences in aggregate distribution, stability, SOC accumulation, and system functionality compared with the NCS. Soil aggregates, particularly macroaggregates, served as mediators within the RMS system. In the early stages of reclamation, inorganic cementing agents were crucial for maintaining RMS aggregation and SOC sequestration. Over time, particulate organic carbon and microbial activity became dominant in aggregate formation. Iron-aluminum oxides, particularly amorphous forms, facilitated macroaggregate formation and SOC stabilization.

中文翻译：

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不同恢复时限农垦地土壤团聚体行为：中介因素及机制


土壤团聚体的回收对于改善采煤沉陷区高度压实的开垦农田的土壤质量至关重要。本研究旨在探讨影响复垦矿山土壤 （RMS） 骨料回收的关键因素和机制。从具有不同复垦持续时间 （0、2、6、12、16 和 22 年） 的开垦农田和相邻的非沉降耕地 （NCS） 中收集表层土壤样本 （0 ∼ 20 cm）。共分析了 20 个土壤指标。然后应用复杂网络理论来探索它们的相互关系并确定影响聚合分布的关键因素。结果表明，地貌重塑过程中的机械压实破坏了大团聚体，降低了团聚体的稳定性，加速了有机碳矿化，降低了微生物活性。这也导致了土壤特性相互作用的复杂性和无序性增加。经过 22 年的复垦，2 ∼ 0.25 mm 骨料的比例增加了 25.92 %，而 0.25 ∼ 0.053 mm 骨料的比例减少了 40.93 %。平均重量直径和几何平均直径分别增加了 34.48 % 和 69.54 %。土壤有机碳 （SOC） 增加了 250.94 %，微生物生物量增加了 123.07 %。然而，与 NCS 相比，RMS 在聚集体分布、稳定性、SOC 积累和系统功能方面仍然存在差异。土壤团聚体，尤其是大团聚体，在 RMS 系统中起中介作用。在复垦的早期阶段，无机胶结剂对于维持 RMS 聚集和 SOC 封存至关重要。随着时间的推移，颗粒有机碳和微生物活性在团聚体形成中占主导地位。 铁铝氧化物，尤其是无定形形式，促进了大聚集体的形成和 SOC 的稳定。