Soil salinization readily occurs in artesian irrigation areas within arid regions due to prolonged irrigation, leading to diminished soil productivity and consequential impacts on regional food security and ecological stability. The present study focuses on the northern area of Qingtongxia artesian irrigation district in Ningxia, the spatial characteristics of soil salinity were investigated using the three-dimensional inverse distance weight interpolation, and the types of soil salt accumulation were determined. Furthermore, the high probability partition of each type was determined by the Indicator Kriging method. Additionally, the path analysis method was employed to determine the critical groundwater depth, which is a significant factor influencing the occurrence and development of soil salinization. The results indicate the salt accumulation types in the soil profile are divided into surface accumulation (SA) type, middle accumulation (MA) type, and bottom accumulation (BA) type. The depth to groundwater is a crucial influential factor, with critical depths prior to spring irrigation identified for each type: 2.1 m for the SA type and 1.8 m for both MA and BA types. To mitigate salinization deterioration, it is essential that the depth to groundwater in the distribution area of each type exceeds the corresponding critical depth.

中文翻译：

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西北干旱自流灌区土壤盐渍化空间特征及临界地下水深度


干旱地区自流灌区由于灌溉时间延长，容易发生土壤盐碱化，导致土壤生产力下降，从而对区域粮食安全和生态稳定产生影响。本研究以宁夏青铜峡自流灌区北部地区为研究对象，采用三维反距离权重插值法研究了土壤盐分积累的空间特征，确定了土壤盐分积累的类型。此外，每种类型的高概率分区都是由 Indicator Kriging 方法确定的。此外，采用路径分析方法确定临界地下水深度，这是影响土壤盐渍化发生和发展的重要因素。结果表明：土壤剖面中的盐分积累类型分为表层积累（SA）型、中度积累（MA）型和底部积累（BA）型。地下水深度是一个关键的影响因素，每种类型都确定了春季灌溉前的临界深度：SA 型为 2.1 m，MA 和 BA 型为 1.8 m。为了减轻盐渍化恶化，每种类型分布区的地下水深度必须超过相应的临界深度。