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Evaluation of gecacitinib vs hydroxyurea in patients with intermediate-2 or high-risk myelofibrosis: final analysis results from a randomized phase 3 study
Blood Cancer Journal ( IF 12.9 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 , DOI: 10.1038/s41408-024-01202-8
Yi Zhang, Hu Zhou, Shanshan Suo, Junling Zhuang, Linhua Yang, Aili He, Qingchi Liu, Xin Du, Sujun Gao, Yarong Li, Yan Li, Yuqing Chen, Wen Wu, Huanling Zhu, Guangsheng He, Mei Hong, Qian Jiang, Zhongxing Jiang, Hongmei Jing, Jishi Wang, Na Xu, Lingling Yue, Cuiping Zheng, Zeping Zhou, Chenghao Jin, Xin Li, Lin Liu, Yajing Xu, Dengshu Wu, Feng Zhang, Jin Zhang, Liqing Wu, Hewen Yin, Binhua Lv, Zhijian Xiao, Jie Jin

To compare the efficacy and safety of gecacitinib (also known as jaktinib) with hydroxyurea (HU) in treating myelofibrosis (MF) patients. In this multicenter, randomized phase 3 trial (ZGJAK016), intermediate- or high-risk primarily JAK inhibitor naïve MF patients were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either gecacitinib (100 mg twice a day, BID) or HU (500 mg BID). The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with ≥35% reduction in spleen volume (SVR35) from baseline at week 24. Secondary endpoints included the best spleen response rate, the proportion of patients with a ≥50% reduction in total symptom score (TSS50), anemia improvement, and safety profile. At 24 weeks, the SVR35 was reached by 64.8% of patients on gecacitinib (46/71), compared to 26.5% on HU (9/34), P = 0.0002. The best spleen response rates were also superior for gecacitinib at 81.7%, vs 32.4% for HU, P < 0.0001. The TSS50 rates were 62.0% for gecacitinib- and 50% for HU-treated patients. Among non-transfusion-dependent patients with baseline hemoglobin (HGB) ≤ 100 g/L, 31.0% (13/42) in the gecacitinib group showed a ≥20 g/L increase in HGB, compared to 15.0% (3/20) in HU group. The common grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), including anemia (26.8% vs 44.1%), thrombocytopenia (15.5% vs 32.4%), leukopenia (2.8% vs 20.6%), and neutropenia (1.4% vs 20.6%), were less frequent with gecacitinib than HU. Treatment discontinuation due to TEAEs was lower in gecacitinib (7.0%) compared to HU (11.8%). Gecacitinib demonstrates superior efficacy and a more favorable safety profile compared to HU, making it a promising treatment option for managing MF, particularly in patients with anemia (This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, (NCT04617028)).



中文翻译:


gecacitinib 与羟基脲在中 2 期或高危骨髓纤维化患者中的评价:一项随机 3 期研究的最终分析结果



比较吉卡替尼(也称为 jaktinib)与羟基脲 (胡) 治疗骨髓纤维化 (MF) 患者的疗效和安全性。在这项多中心、随机 3 期试验 (ZGJAK016) 中,中度或高风险主要为 JAK 抑制剂初治的 MF 患者以 2:1 的比例分配接受吉卡替尼 (100 mg 每天两次,BID) 或 胡 (500 mg BID)。主要终点是第 24 周时脾体积 (SVR35) 较基线减少 ≥35% 的患者比例。次要终点包括最佳脾脏反应率、总症状评分 (TSS50) 降低 ≥50% 的患者比例、贫血改善和安全性。在 24 周时,64.8% 的患者使用吉卡替布达到 SVR35 (46/71),而 胡 为 26.5% (9/34),P = 0.0002。吉卡替尼的最佳脾脏反应率也优于 81.7%,而 胡 为 32.4%,P < 0.0001。吉卡替尼患者的 TSS50 率为 62.0%,胡 治疗患者的 TSS50 率为 50%。在基线血红蛋白 (HGB) ≤ 100 g/L 的非输血依赖型患者中,吉卡替布组 31.0% (13/42) 显示 HGB 增加 ≥20 g/L,而胡组为 15.0% (3/20)。常见的 ≥ 3 级治疗中出现的不良事件 (TEAE),包括贫血 (26.8% 对 44.1%)、血小板减少症 (15.5% 对 32.4%)、白细胞减少症 (2.8% 对 20.6%) 和中性粒细胞减少症 (1.4% 对 20.6%),吉卡替尼组比 胡 组发生率低。与 胡 (11.8%) 相比,gecacitinib (7.0%) 因 TEAE 导致的治疗中断率较低。与 胡 相比,Gecacitinib 显示出卓越的疗效和更有利的安全性,使其成为管理 MF 的有前途的治疗选择,尤其是对于贫血患者(该试验在 ClinicalTrials.gov,(NCT04617028) 注册)。

更新日期:2024-12-18
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