Metol (MTO), a commonly used photographic developer, has become an environmental pollutant due to its extensive use and subsequent release into water sources. The accumulation of MTO poses significant risks, including aquatic toxicity and potential bioaccumulation, leading to adverse effects on ecosystems. To address these environmental challenges, we developed a La₂NiO₄ combined with graphene oxide (La₂NiO₄@GO) nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the ultrasensitive detection of MTO. The La₂NiO₄ was synthesized via a hydrothermal method and subsequently integrated with graphene oxide through a sonochemical technique, with comprehensive characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). Electrochemical analysis revealed that the La₂NiO₄@GO-modified electrode exhibited a low charge transfer resistance of 38 Ω. Using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the electrode demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of 6.4 nM for MTO, with a high sensitivity of 10.83 µA µM⁻¹cm⁻² and excellent anti-inference property towards MTO tested along with interfering substances. The sensor was successfully applied to real environmental water samples and human urine samples, showing excellent recovery rates of MTO. This work underscores the potential of La₂NiO₄@GO-modified electrodes in monitoring and mitigating the environmental impact of MTO, contributing to a healthy environment.

中文翻译：

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使用 Ruddlesden-Popper 型层状钙钛矿 （La2NiO4） 结合氧化石墨烯检测环境水样中金属醇的超灵敏传感器的开发


Metol （MTO） 是一种常用的照相显影剂，由于其广泛使用并随后释放到水源中，已成为一种环境污染物。MTO 的积累会带来重大风险，包括水生毒性和潜在的生物积累，从而对生态系统产生不利影响。为了应对这些环境挑战，我们开发了一种 La₂NiO₄ 结合氧化石墨烯 （La₂NiO₄@GO） 纳米复合改性玻碳电极 （GCE），用于 MTO 的超灵敏检测。La₂NiO₄ 通过水热法合成，随后通过声化学技术与氧化石墨烯整合，并使用傅里叶变换红外光谱 （FT-IR）、X 射线光电子能谱 （XPS） 和高分辨率透射电子显微镜 （HR-TEM） 进行全面表征。电化学分析表明，La₂NiO₄@GO 改性电极表现出 38 Ω的低电荷转移电阻。使用差分脉冲伏安法 （DPV），电极的 MTO 检测限 （LOD） 为 6.4 nM，灵敏度高达 10.83 μA μM⁻¹cm⁻²，对 MTO 和干扰物质测试具有出色的抗推断性能。该传感器成功应用于真实环境水样和人类尿液样本，显示出优异的 MTO 回收率。这项工作强调了 La₂NiO₄@GO 修饰电极在监测和减轻 MTO 对环境的影响方面的潜力，有助于健康的环境。