The formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) is significantly affected by numerous factors, including physicochemical water properties, microbial community composition and structure, and the characteristics of organic DBP precursors. However, the codependence of various factors remains unclear, particularly the contribution of microbial-derived organics to DBP formation, which has been inadequately explored. Herein, we present a Bayesian network modeling framework incorporating a Bayesian-based microbial source tracking method, excitation-emission fluorescence spectroscopy-parallel factor analysis to capture the critical drivers influencing DBP formation and explore their interactions. The results showed that the planktonic and suspended particle-associated bacteria in tap water mainly originated from bacteria in the treated water. Protein- and tryptophan-like fluorescence components were identified, illustrating their contribution to DBP formation cannot be ignored. The microbial abundance of Actinobacteria, Bacilli, and Bacteroidia is significantly related to the formation of trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, and N-nitrosamines. These findings highlight the necessity for prioritizing management policies to control biofilm formation and minimize DBP formation in DWDSs.

中文翻译：

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物理化学和微生物驱动因素对饮用水分配系统中消毒副产物形成的影响：一种多元贝叶斯网络建模方法


饮用水分配系统 （DWDS） 中消毒副产物 （DBP） 的形成受许多因素的显着影响，包括水的物理化学特性、微生物群落组成和结构以及有机 DBP 前体的特性。然而，各种因素的相互依赖性仍不清楚，特别是微生物衍生的有机物对 DBP 形成的贡献，这尚未得到充分探索。在此，我们提出了一个贝叶斯网络建模框架，该框架结合了基于贝叶斯的微生物源跟踪方法、激发-发射荧光光谱-平行因子分析，以捕获影响 DBP 形成的关键驱动因素并探索它们的相互作用。结果表明：自来水中浮游和悬浮颗粒相关细菌主要来源于处理后的水中细菌。鉴定出蛋白质和色氨酸样荧光成分，说明它们对 DBP 形成的贡献不容忽视。放线菌门、芽孢杆菌和拟杆菌属的微生物丰度与三卤甲烷、卤代乙酸和 N-亚硝胺的形成显着相关。这些发现强调了优先考虑管理政策以控制生物膜形成并最大限度地减少 DWDS 中 DBP 形成的必要性。