In contrast to the rapid development of zinc-based batteries with neutral electrolytes, rechargeable alkaline zinc batteries with higher theoretical capacity remain largely underexplored. Here, we report a novel high-performance rechargeable alkaline Zn-Mg battery utilizing an Mg-doped polyaniline cathode to facilitate reversible redox reactions. It leverages PANI's neutral doping mechanism to adsorb hydroxide anions, preventing the formation of insoluble magnesium hydroxide and facilitating efficient storage charge. This design allows the battery to retain 96.8 % of its capacity after 5000 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A g⁻¹, with coulombic efficiency above 99.8 %. Theoretical calculations and experiments demonstrate that doping enhances conductivity and raises the discharge plateau by altering the LUMO energy level. Altering the cathode structure by doping Mg ions to increase energy density and control Mg(OH)₂ deposition is expected to advance the development of zinc batteries and inspire other high-performance aqueous energy storage systems.

中文翻译：

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将镁离子掺杂到聚苯胺中可实现高性能 Zn-Mg 碱性电池


与采用中性电解质的锌基电池的快速发展相比，具有较高理论容量的可充电碱性锌电池在很大程度上仍未得到充分开发。在这里，我们报道了一种新型高性能可充电碱性 Zn-Mg 电池，该电池利用 Mg 掺杂聚苯胺阴极来促进可逆氧化还原反应。它利用 PANI 的中性掺杂机制吸附氢氧根阴离子，防止形成不溶性氢氧化镁并促进高效存储充电。这种设计允许电池在 1.0 A ^g-1 的电流密度下循环 5000 次后保留 96.8% 的容量，库仑效率高于 99.8%。理论计算和实验表明，掺杂通过改变 LUMO 能级来提高电导率并提高放电平台。通过掺杂 Mg 离子来改变阴极结构以提高能量密度和控制 Mg（OH）₂ 沉积，有望推动锌电池的发展，并激发其他高性能水系储能系统。