A review of previously reported materials for photocatalytic hydrogen production reveals that most of these still require the involvement of hole scavengers. To avoid the consumption of non-essential resources, the development of non-precious metal catalyst materials capable of achieving photocatalytic hydrogen production in a sacrificial agent-free environment is of greater value for practical applications. This study successfully prepared x-CdS/NZIS composites. The hydrogen precipitation rate of the 30-CdS/NZIS samples reached 212.81 μmol/g/h, which is 2.8, 20, and 82.8 times higher than that of NZIS, pristine ZIS, and CdS nanorods, respectively. Notably, this result was achieved without the addition of sacrificial agents. The strategy of replacing part of the sulfur with nitrogen doping increases the concentration of photogenerated carriers, improves the charge transfer rate, and suppresses the formation of electron-hole pairs. Furthermore, incorporating CdS nanorods into the composite structure facilitates the formation of type II heterojunctions, effectively suppressing interband electron-hole recombination. The combined implementation of these modification strategies results in the formation of an electron-rich region at the NZIS conduction band, which is conducive to H2 generation, even in the absence of sacrificial agents. This study offers a potential avenue for developing cost-effective solar hydrogen production systems that do not require the use of sacrificial agents.

中文翻译：

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非金属掺杂同步促进 ZnIn2S4 无牺牲剂光催化制氢及异质结构建


对先前报道的光催化制氢材料的审查表明，其中大多数仍然需要空穴清除剂的参与。为避免非必要资源的消耗，开发能够在无牺牲剂环境中实现光催化制氢的非贵金属催化剂材料具有更大的实际应用价值。本研究成功制备了 x-CdS/NZIS 复合材料。30-CdS/NZIS 样品的氢沉淀速率达到 212.81 μmol/g/h，分别是 NZIS、原始 ZIS 和 CdS 纳米棒的 2.8 倍、20 倍和 82.8 倍。值得注意的是，这一结果是在没有添加牺牲剂的情况下实现的。用氮掺杂取代部分硫的策略增加了光生载流子的浓度，提高了电荷转移速率，并抑制了电子-空穴对的形成。此外，将 CdS 纳米棒掺入复合结构中有助于形成 II 型异质结，有效抑制带间电子-空穴复合。这些修饰策略的联合实施导致在 NZIS 导带形成一个富电子区域，这有利于 H2 的产生，即使在没有牺牲剂的情况下也是如此。这项研究为开发不需要使用牺牲剂的具有成本效益的太阳能制氢系统提供了一条潜在的途径。