The persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs) can potentially enable the cost-effective and efficient removal of environmental pollutants. However, to advance this technology, an efficient photocatalytic composite persulfate system that removes recalcitrant organic pollutants from water is required and the regulatory mechanisms of free radical reactions during the removal process must be thoroughly understood. In this study, Co₃O₄ derived from metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are loaded onto potassium ion (K⁺)-etched graphite-phase carbon nitride, forming an efficient PS-AOPs system that removes approximately 99 % of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) within 30 min. The incorporated K⁺ ions and efficient charge-transfer channels synergistically extend the lifetime of the photo-generated charge carriers, effectively enhancing the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and consequently improving the photocatalytic removal efficiency of SMX. Besides establishing a viable pathway for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants in water, this study deepens our understanding of the mechanism underlying PMS activation by metal–carbon-based catalysts.

中文翻译：

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构建光催化-过硫酸盐协同系统高效去除环境污染物


基于过硫酸盐的高级氧化工艺 （PS-AOP） 有可能实现经济高效地去除环境污染物。然而，为了推进这项技术，需要一种高效的光催化复合过硫酸盐系统来去除水中顽固的有机污染物，并且必须彻底了解去除过程中自由基反应的调节机制。在本研究中，来自金属有机框架 （MOF） 的 Co ₃ O ₄ 被负载到钾离子 （K ⁺ ） 蚀刻的石墨相氮化碳上，形成高效的 PS-AOPs 系统，可在 30 分钟内去除约 99% 的磺胺甲噁唑 （SMX）。掺入的 K ⁺ 离子和高效的电荷转移通道协同延长了光生电荷载流子的寿命，有效增强了过氧一硫酸盐 （PMS） 的活化，从而提高了 SMX 的光催化去除效率。除了建立去除水中顽固污染物的可行途径外，这项研究还加深了我们对金属-碳基催化剂激活 PMS 机制的理解。