Catalytic membrane, as a cutting-edge hybrid technology, is promising for organic wastewater treatment not only because of the excellent removal efficiency for various organic pollutants, but also because of the mitigation of membrane fouling. However, some challenges persist, including the relatively high fabrication costs of membranes, the high possibility of metal ions leaching from membrane structures, and the poor renewability of synthetic materials, which significantly restrict more widespread application. To address these issues, carbonaceous materials (e.g., biochar, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide) are renewable and environmentally friendly materials that inherently have large surface areas, high porosity, and tuneable surface functional groups that can be employed as excellent alternatives in catalytic membranes. In this review, various methods (e.g., blending, in-situ growth, interfacial polymerization, and layer-by-layer assembly) for the fabrication of carbonaceous materials-based membranes are comprehensively summarized and discussed. Subsequently, the integration of catalytic membranes in different processes, whether individually (e.g., photocatalytic process, advanced oxidization process, and electrocatalytic process) or hybridized (e.g., photoelectrochemical process, photo-assisted advanced oxidization process), is assessed. In addition, various carbonaceous materials-based catalytic membranes implemented for the remediation of wastewater are critically discussed. Furthermore, the existing challenges are described, and further research recommendations are proposed. This review is expected to be beneficial for advancing the development of carbonaceous materials-based catalytic membranes for practical decontamination of organic wastewater.

中文翻译：

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基于可持续碳质材料的有机废水催化膜处理研究进展与展望


催化膜作为一种尖端的混合技术，不仅因为对各种有机污染物具有出色的去除效率，还因为减轻了膜污染，因此在有机废水处理方面前景广阔。然而，一些挑战仍然存在，包括膜的制造成本相对较高、金属离子从膜结构中浸出的可能性很高以及合成材料的可更新性差，这极大地限制了更广泛的应用。为了解决这些问题，碳质材料（例如生物炭、活性炭、碳纳米管、石墨烯、氧化石墨烯）是可再生且环保的材料，其本身具有大表面积、高孔隙率和可调节的表面官能团，可用作催化膜的优秀替代品。本文全面总结和讨论了制备碳质材料基膜的各种方法（例如，共混、原位生长、界面聚合和逐层组装）。随后，评估催化膜在不同过程中的整合，无论是单独（例如，光催化过程、高级氧化过程和电催化过程）还是杂化过程（例如，光电化学过程、光辅助高级氧化过程）。此外，还批判性地讨论了用于废水修复的各种基于碳质材料的催化膜。此外，描述了存在的挑战，并提出了进一步的研究建议。 预计本综述将有助于推进基于碳质材料的催化膜的开发，用于有机废水的实际净化。