Our study investigated the effects of terbuthylazine (TBA) and metribuzin (MT) on rice and radish at field application concentrations. Both herbicides induced oxidative stress and severely inhibited growth in the two crops. However, the radish cultivar T-33 exhibited significantly lower stress levels compared to the sensitive cultivar S-24, suggesting its higher tolerance to TBA and MT. To explore the potential role of metabolism in this tolerance, we developed a novel HPLC-Q-TOF-MS method, which demonstrated excellent performance and identified 18 TBA and 20 MT metabolites, most of which were discovered in plants for the first time. The results revealed significantly higher accumulation of both herbicides in rice compared to radish, especially in the aerial parts, with increasing translocation in rice and the opposite trend in radish. Quantitative analysis revealed significantly higher levels of glycosylated MT products and amino acid conjugates in T-33 compared to S-24, suggesting their crucial role in detoxification and tolerance mechanisms. Our findings have significant implications for food safety, crop protection, and sustainable agricultural practices in regions employing vegetable–crop rotation systems.

中文翻译：

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揭开代谢之谜：一种高分辨率 LC-MS 方法破译萝卜和水稻中两种三嗪类除草剂的耐受性


我们的研究调查了特布苯吡嗪 （TBA） 和美曲嗪 （MT） 对田间施用浓度下水稻和萝卜的影响。两种除草剂都诱导了氧化应激并严重抑制了两种作物的生长。然而，与敏感品种 S-24 相比，萝卜品种 T-33 表现出显着较低的胁迫水平，表明其对 TBA 和 MT 的耐受性更高。为了探索代谢在这种耐受性中的潜在作用，我们开发了一种新颖的 HPLC-Q-TOF-MS 方法，该方法表现出优异的性能并鉴定了 18 种 TBA 和 20 种 MT 代谢物，其中大部分是首次在植物中发现。结果显示，与萝卜相比，两种除草剂在水稻中的积累量显著增加，尤其是在地上部分，水稻中的易位增加，而萝卜的趋势相反。定量分析显示，与 S-24 相比，T-33 中糖基化 MT 产物和氨基酸偶联物的水平显著升高，表明它们在解毒和耐受机制中起着关键作用。我们的研究结果对采用蔬菜-作物轮作系统的地区的食品安全、作物保护和可持续农业实践具有重大意义。