Introduction We hypothesized that response to infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), administered during peak respiratory viral seasons could be blunted, particularly to higher carrier-load PCVs. Methods We did a post-hoc analysis of a large, double-blind, randomized study comparing 13-valent vs. 7-valent PCVs (PCV13; PCV7) administered to infants (at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months). We defined respiratory viral season (RVS), based on local epidemiology as December through April and the non-RVS as June through October. Infants receiving the first dose at 7-9 weeks during the defined seasons were eligible. Serotype-specific immunoglobulin-G geometric mean concentrations (SSIgG-GMC; µg/ml) were compared between the two seasons at age seven and thirteen months. Results 179 and 225 infants received PCV13 in RVS and non-RVS. The corresponding numbers for PCV7 were 188 and 217. At 7 months, PCV13 recipients during RVS had significantly lower SSIgG-GMCs compared to non-RVS for 10/13 serotypes (GMC ratios 0.76-0.86). This difference remained significant in 2/13 serotypes after booster dose. Unlike PCV13 recipients, PCV7 recipients showed no seasonal difference. The results were similar for both vaccines results among children who had received the first dose only or both the first and second dose during the defined seasons. Similarly, no difference was observed if the booster was given in RVS or non-RVS. Conclusion Administration of the first PCV13 dose to young infants during RVS resulted in a significant blunting of the immune response, partially corrected by booster administration. PCV7 recipients were unaffected, suggesting an increased susceptibility to respiratory viral immune blunting with higher carrier-load PCVs.

中文翻译：

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在呼吸道病毒季节接种疫苗的婴儿对 13 价肺炎球菌结合疫苗的免疫反应降低


引言 我们假设在呼吸道病毒高峰季节接种的婴儿肺炎球菌结合疫苗 （PCV） 的反应可能会减弱，尤其是对较高携带载量的 PCV。方法 我们对一项大型、双盲、随机研究进行了事后分析，该研究比较了 13 价和 7 价 PCV（PCV13;PCV7） 给药给婴儿（2、4、6 和 12 个月）。我们根据当地流行病学将呼吸道病毒季节 （RVS） 定义为 12 月至 4 月，非 RVS 定义为 6 月至 10 月。在规定的季节内在 7-9 周接受第一剂的婴儿符合条件。在 7 个月和 13 个月大时比较两个季节之间的血清型特异性免疫球蛋白-G 几何平均浓度 （SSIgG-GMC;μg/ml）。结果 179 例和 225 例婴儿在 RVS 和非 RVS 中接受了 PCV13。PCV7 的相应数字为 188 和 217。7 个月时，与非 RVS 相比，RVS 期间 PCV13 受体的 SSIgG-GMCs 显著降低 10/13 血清型 （GMC 比率 0.76-0.86）。加强剂量后，这种差异在 2/13 血清型中仍然显着。与 PCV13 受体不同，PCV7 受体没有表现出季节性差异。在规定的季节内仅接受第一剂或同时接受第一剂和第二剂的儿童中，两种疫苗的结果相似。同样，如果在 RVS 或非 RVS 中给予加强剂，则没有观察到差异。结论 在 RVS 期间对幼儿进行第一剂 PCV13 导致免疫反应显着减弱，部分通过加强给药得到纠正。PCV7 受体未受影响，表明携带载量较高的 PCV 对呼吸道病毒免疫减弱的易感性增加。