Improper disposal of organic waste leads to greenhouse gases, pollution, and health risks. Anaerobic digestion offers a sustainable solution by converting this waste into biogas and digestates, which contain valuable nutrients and stimulatory organic compounds that can be recycled to improve plant growth and support food production. Here we review the transformation of liquid and solid digestates into biostimulants by microalgal cultivation, vermicomposting, and insect-based bioconversion. These processes yield phytohormones, polysaccharides, betaines, humic substances, chitin, protein hydrolysates, and growth-promoting microbes, that enhance plant growth and resilience against environmental stresses. Due to the variability in digestate composition, we emphasize the need for optimized formulations, a deep understanding of synergistic interactions among bioactive compounds, and standardized extraction techniques to support broader applications.

有机废物处理不当会导致温室气体、污染和健康风险。厌氧消化通过将这些废物转化为沼气和沼渣提供了一种可持续的解决方案，沼渣和沼渣含有有价值的营养物质和刺激性有机化合物，可以回收利用以改善植物生长并支持粮食生产。在这里，我们回顾了通过微藻培养、蚯蚓堆肥和基于昆虫的生物转化将液体和固体沼渣转化为生物刺激剂的过程。这些过程产生植物激素、多糖、甜菜碱、腐殖质、几丁质、蛋白质水解物和促进生长的微生物，从而增强植物生长和对环境压力的抵抗力。由于沼渣成分的可变性，我们强调需要优化配方、深入了解生物活性化合物之间的协同相互作用以及标准化的提取技术，以支持更广泛的应用。