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The cGAS-STING pathway activates transcription factor TFEB to stimulate lysosome biogenesis and pathogen clearance
Immunity ( IF 25.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.017 Yinfeng Xu, Qian Wang, Jun Wang, Chuying Qian, Yusha Wang, Sheng Lu, Lijiang Song, Zhengfu He, Wei Liu, Wei Wan
Immunity ( IF 25.5 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-16 , DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.11.017 Yinfeng Xu, Qian Wang, Jun Wang, Chuying Qian, Yusha Wang, Sheng Lu, Lijiang Song, Zhengfu He, Wei Liu, Wei Wan
Induction of autophagy is an ancient function of the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway through which autophagic cargoes are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. However, whether lysosome function is also modulated by the cGAS-STING pathway remains unknown. Here, we discovered that the cGAS-STING pathway upregulated lysosomal activity by stimulating lysosome biogenesis independently of the downstream protein kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). STING activation enhanced lysosome biogenesis through inducing the nuclear translocation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) as well as its paralogs transcription factor E3 (TFE3) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). STING-induced lipidation of GABA type A receptor-associated protein (GABARAP), an autophagy-related protein, on STING vesicles was responsible for TFEB activation. Membrane-bound GABARAP sequestered the GTPase-activating protein folliculin (FLCN) and FLCN-interacting protein (FNIP) complex to block its function toward the Rag GTPases Ras-related GTP-binding C and D (RagC and RagD), abolishing mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1)-dependent phosphorylation and inactivation of TFEB. Functionally, STING-induced lysosome biogenesis within cells facilitated the clearance of cytoplasmic DNA and invading pathogens. Thus, our findings reveal that induction of lysosome biogenesis is another important function of the cGAS-STING pathway.
中文翻译:
cGAS-STING 通路激活转录因子 TFEB 以刺激溶酶体生物发生和病原体清除
诱导自噬是环状 GMP-AMP (cGAMP) 合酶 (cGAS) 干扰素基因刺激剂 (STING) 通路的一项古老功能,自噬货物通过该途径输送到溶酶体进行降解。然而,溶酶体功能是否也受 cGAS-STING 通路的调节仍是未知数。在这里,我们发现 cGAS-STING 通路通过独立于下游蛋白激酶 TANK 结合激酶 1 (TBK1) 刺激溶酶体生物发生来上调溶酶体活性。STING 激活通过诱导转录因子 EB (TFEB) 及其旁系同源物转录因子 E3 (TFE3) 和小眼症相关转录因子 (MITF) 的核易位来增强溶酶体生物发生。STING 诱导的 GABA A 型受体相关蛋白 (GABARAP)(一种自噬相关蛋白)在 STING 囊泡上的脂质化是 TFEB 激活的原因。膜结合的 GABARAP 隔离了 GTP 酶激活蛋白卵泡蛋白 (FLCN) 和 FLCN 相互作用蛋白 (FNIP) 复合物,以阻断其对 Rag GTP 酶 Ras 相关 GTP 结合 C 和 D (RagC 和 RagD) 的功能,消除了雷帕霉素 (mTOR) 复合物 1 (mTORC1) 依赖性磷酸化和 TFEB 失活的机制靶标。在功能上,STING 诱导的细胞内溶酶体生物发生促进了细胞质 DNA 和入侵病原体的清除。因此,我们的研究结果表明,诱导溶酶体生物发生是 cGAS-STING 通路的另一个重要功能。
更新日期:2024-12-16
中文翻译:
cGAS-STING 通路激活转录因子 TFEB 以刺激溶酶体生物发生和病原体清除
诱导自噬是环状 GMP-AMP (cGAMP) 合酶 (cGAS) 干扰素基因刺激剂 (STING) 通路的一项古老功能,自噬货物通过该途径输送到溶酶体进行降解。然而,溶酶体功能是否也受 cGAS-STING 通路的调节仍是未知数。在这里,我们发现 cGAS-STING 通路通过独立于下游蛋白激酶 TANK 结合激酶 1 (TBK1) 刺激溶酶体生物发生来上调溶酶体活性。STING 激活通过诱导转录因子 EB (TFEB) 及其旁系同源物转录因子 E3 (TFE3) 和小眼症相关转录因子 (MITF) 的核易位来增强溶酶体生物发生。STING 诱导的 GABA A 型受体相关蛋白 (GABARAP)(一种自噬相关蛋白)在 STING 囊泡上的脂质化是 TFEB 激活的原因。膜结合的 GABARAP 隔离了 GTP 酶激活蛋白卵泡蛋白 (FLCN) 和 FLCN 相互作用蛋白 (FNIP) 复合物,以阻断其对 Rag GTP 酶 Ras 相关 GTP 结合 C 和 D (RagC 和 RagD) 的功能,消除了雷帕霉素 (mTOR) 复合物 1 (mTORC1) 依赖性磷酸化和 TFEB 失活的机制靶标。在功能上,STING 诱导的细胞内溶酶体生物发生促进了细胞质 DNA 和入侵病原体的清除。因此,我们的研究结果表明,诱导溶酶体生物发生是 cGAS-STING 通路的另一个重要功能。