The loss of land due to riverbank erosion is a crucial factor in shaping landforms and plays a significant role in fluvial geomorphology. Understanding and the quantification of the movement and the initiation of sediment particles are the key elements in various engineering and environmental studies. The entrainment and the transportation of sediment particles are controlled by many different physical processes in the sediment water interface. Among such processes, the characteristics of turbulence and the associated coherent structures within the flow are of utmost importance. Riverbank erosion is one of the major natural disasters and an issue of major concern. Flow turbulence plays an important role in riverbank erosion and in the shaping of the river planform. Eddies are pivotal in turbulence generation that sustain the random velocity fluctuations and continually distribute energy and exchange momentum through the eddy breakdown process, a feature absent in laminar flow. In this review paper a precise articulation of the characterization of turbulence parameters on riverbank erosion mechanism is presented together with different available river turbulence measurement techniques that are in use. Further, the investigations that explored the bank erosion process mechanisms both on natural riverbanks as well as in laboratory flumes in context of turbulence has also been discussed. Key insights include the impact of varying turbulence intensities on erosion rates, and the effectiveness of different turbulence parameters in the characterization of bank erosion. The review also identifies the gaps in the existing methodologies, emphasizing the need for standardizing the available techniques to enable cross-comparisons among studies. This paper provides a comprehensive summary of current measurement techniques for turbulence in riverbank regions, offering recommendations for future research and contributing valuable insights to the broader understanding of sediment transport and riverbank dynamics. Additionally, the discussion also outlines potential directions for future developments. This review paper in indented to discuss the characterisation of the turbulence parameters at the near bank region.

中文翻译：

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通过湍流视角了解河岸侵蚀：综述


河岸侵蚀造成的土地流失是塑造地貌的关键因素，在河流地貌中起着重要作用。了解和量化沉积物颗粒的运动和起始是各种工程和环境研究的关键要素。沉积物颗粒的夹带和运输由沉积物水界面中的许多不同物理过程控制。在这些过程中，湍流的特性和流动中相关的相干结构至关重要。河岸侵蚀是主要的自然灾害之一，也是一个令人担忧的问题。水流湍流在河岸侵蚀和河流平面形状的塑造中起着重要作用。涡流在湍流产生中起着关键作用，它维持随机速度波动，并通过涡流击穿过程持续分配能量和交换动量，这是层流中不存在的特征。在这篇综述论文中，精确阐述了河岸侵蚀机制的湍流参数特征以及正在使用的不同可用河流湍流测量技术。此外，还讨论了在湍流背景下探索天然河岸和实验室水槽的河岸侵蚀过程机制的研究。关键见解包括不同湍流强度对侵蚀速率的影响，以及不同湍流参数在河岸侵蚀表征中的有效性。本综述还确定了现有方法中的差距，强调需要对现有技术进行标准化，以便进行研究之间的交叉比较。 本文全面总结了当前河岸地区湍流的测量技术，为未来的研究提供了建议，并为更广泛地了解沉积物输送和河岸动力学提供了有价值的见解。此外，讨论还概述了未来发展的潜在方向。这篇综述论文缩进讨论了近岸区域湍流参数的特征。