Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC) technology is an innovative approach to facilitate the degradation of sedimentary organic matter by electroactive microorganisms, transforming chemical energy into electrical energy and modulating the redox potential at the sediment–water interface, consequently controlling the release of endogenous pollutants. The synergistic effects of various environmental factors and intrinsic conditions can significantly impact SMFC performance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of SMFC development in research and application for water environment treatment and ecological remediation, a perspective rarely explored in previous reviews. It discusses optimization strategies for SMFC implementation, emphasizing advancements in novel or cost-effective electrode materials, the dynamics of microbial communities, and the control of typical pollutants. The review suggests a virtuous cycle path for SMFC development, highlighting future research needs, including integrating cross-disciplinary approaches like artificial intelligence, genomics, and mathematical modeling, to enhance the deployment of SMFC in real-world environmental remediation.

中文翻译：

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使用沉积物微生物燃料电池加强污染控制，用于生态修复


沉积物微生物燃料电池 （SMFC） 技术是一种创新方法，可促进电活性微生物降解沉积有机物，将化学能转化为电能，并调节沉积物-水界面处的氧化还原电位，从而控制内源性污染物的释放。各种环境因素和内在条件的协同效应会显著影响 SMFC 性能。本文全面概述了 SMFC 在水环境治理和生态修复研究和应用中的发展，这一观点在以前的综述中很少探讨。它讨论了 SMFC 实施的优化策略，强调了新型或具有成本效益的电极材料的进步、微生物群落的动力学以及典型污染物的控制。该综述提出了 SMFC 发展的良性循环路径，强调了未来的研究需求，包括整合人工智能、基因组学和数学建模等跨学科方法，以加强 SMFC 在实际环境修复中的部署。