Moist-electric power generation is an emerging energy technology that collects energy from the environment and converts it into electrical energy through the interaction of moisture with materials. Although most of the moist-electric generators (MEGs) have achieved continuous breakthroughs in open-circuit voltage (V_OC) and duration at present, it has been proven to be a challenge to maintain a continuous relatively high short-circuit current (I_SC). Herein, electrospun nanofiber-based Janus heterogeneous film with both moisture absorption and moisture evaporation characteristics is prepared, and excellent power output performance MEGs have been fabricated by setting perforated electrode at each side respectively. Results have demonstrated the Janus nanofiber moist-electric generator (JFMEG) can generate a V_OC of 0.6 V with a continuous power generation time of up to 30 d and a maximum I_SC of about 44 μA cm⁻² at 95% relative humidity. In addition, the I_SC maintenance time above 10 μA cm⁻² is close to 40 h. The integrated device can power commercial equipment and can be used for self-powered breath detection. Additionally, the self-powered field-effect transistor by JFMEG has been fabricated, demonstrating excellent output characteristics. The detailed working mechanism of JFMEG and the influencing factors of power generation performance are systematically analyzed, which can provide reference for the performance improvement of similar moist-electric devices.

中文翻译：

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由全静电纺丝纳米纤维基 Janus 架构驱动的长效高电输出湿式发电机


湿电发电是一种新兴的能源技术，它从环境中收集能量，并通过水分与材料的相互作用将其转化为电能。尽管目前大多数湿式发电机 （MEG） 在开路电压 （V _OC ） 和持续时间方面取得了连续突破，但事实证明，保持相对较高的短路电流 （I _SC ） 是一项挑战。本文制备了兼具吸湿和水分蒸发特性的静电纺丝纳米纤维基 Janus 异质薄膜，并通过在每一侧分别设置穿孔电极制造了优异的功率输出性能 MEG。结果表明，Janus 纳米纤维湿电发电机 （JFMEG） 在 95% 相对湿度下可以产生 0.6 V 的电压 _OC ，连续发电时间长达 30 d，最大 I _SC 约为 44 μA cm ⁻² 。此外，10 μA cm ⁻² 以上的 I _SC 维护时间接近 40 小时。该集成设备可以为商用设备供电，并可用于自供电呼吸检测。此外，JFMEG 制造的自供电场效应晶体管已经制造出来，表现出优异的输出特性。系统分析了JFMEG的详细工作机理和发电性能的影响因素，可为同类湿电装置的性能改进提供参考。