This study explores the integration of ammonium hydroxide with diesel fuel, focusing on enhancing combustion efficiency and reducing emissions. The research addresses the challenge of ammonia's high activation energy during decomposition by introducing a carbon nanotube catalyst, which significantly improves catalytic performance. Additionally, an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) was developed to capture nanoparticles from engine exhaust, preventing their release into the atmosphere. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using SEM, EDX, XRD, and FTIR, providing insights into their structural and surface properties. Various blends of ammonium hydroxide (5 % and 10 %) with diesel fuel, enriched with 100 ppm of nanocatalyst, were tested in a diesel engine under different conditions. The results showed notable improvements in engine efficiency and fuel consumption, reducing by 8.2 % and 7.9 %, respectively. Emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides decreased by 19.7 %, 10.7 %, and 5.6 %, respectively, demonstrating the potential of the nanocatalyst-enhanced ammonium hydroxide fuel blend. Furthermore, a comparative characterization of nanoparticles synthesized and those collected from the ESP plates confirms the ESP’s effectiveness in capturing degraded nanoparticles. This emphasizes the critical role of advanced filtration technologies in mitigating environmental pollution from engine exhaust. The study’s findings contribute to the ongoing efforts to develop cleaner, more efficient fuel technologies.

中文翻译：

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碳纳米管催化和静电纳米颗粒过滤改善氢氧化铵-柴油混合物的环境性能


本研究探讨了氢氧化铵与柴油燃料的整合，重点是提高燃烧效率和减少排放。该研究通过引入碳纳米管催化剂解决了氨在分解过程中高活化能的挑战，从而显著提高了催化性能。此外，还开发了一种静电除尘器 （ESP） 来捕获发动机尾气中的纳米颗粒，防止它们释放到大气中。使用 SEM、EDX、XRD 和 FTIR 对合成的纳米颗粒进行表征，从而深入了解其结构和表面特性。氢氧化铵（5% 和 10%）与柴油燃料的各种混合物，富含 100 ppm 纳米催化剂，在不同条件下进行了测试。结果显示，发动机效率和油耗显著提高，分别降低了 8.2% 和 7.9%。碳氢化合物、一氧化碳和氮氧化物的排放量分别下降了 19.7 %、10.7 % 和 5.6 %，证明了纳米催化剂增强氢氧化铵燃料混合物的潜力。此外，合成的纳米颗粒和从 ESP 板收集的纳米颗粒的比较表征证实了 ESP 在捕获降解纳米颗粒方面的有效性。这强调了先进过滤技术在减轻发动机尾气造成的环境污染方面的关键作用。该研究的结果有助于开发更清洁、更高效的燃料技术。