The development and utilization of lunar resources are entering a critical stage. Immediate focus is needed on key technologies for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) and lunar base construction. This paper comparatively analyzes the basic characteristics of lunar regolith samples returned from Chang’e-5 (CE-5), Apollo, and Luna missions, focusing on their physical, mechanical, mineral, chemical, and morphological parameters. Given the limited availability of lunar regolith, more than 50 lunar regolith simulants are summarized. The differences between lunar regolith and simulants concerning these parameters are discussed. To facilitate the construction of lunar bases, this article summarizes the advancements in research on construction materials derived from lunar regolith simulants. Based on statistical results, lunar regolith simulant-based composites are classified into 5 types by their strengthening and toughening mechanisms, and a comprehensive analysis of molding methods, preparation conditions, and mechanical properties is conducted. Furthermore, the potential lunar base construction forms are reviewed, and the adaptability of lunar regolith simulant-based composites and lunar base construction methods are proposed. The key demands of lunar bases constructed with lunar regolith-based composites are discussed, including energy demand, in-situ buildability, service performance, and structural availability. This progress contributes to providing essential material and methodological support for future lunar construction.

中文翻译：

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月球风化层模拟物基复合材料适应性及月球基地施工方法的研究进展


月球资源的开发利用正进入关键阶段。需要立即关注原位资源利用 （ISRU） 和月球基地建设的关键技术。本文对比分析了嫦娥五号（CE-5）、阿波罗和月球任务返回的月球风化层样品的基本特征，重点介绍了它们的物理、力学、矿物、化学和形态参数。鉴于月球风化层的可用性有限，总结了 50 多种月球风化层模拟物。讨论了月球风化层和模拟物在这些参数方面的差异。为了促进月球基地的建设，本文总结了模拟月球风化层建筑材料的研究进展。根据统计结果，将月壤模拟复合材料按其强化和增韧机理分为 5 类，并对成型方法、制备条件和力学性能进行了综合分析。此外，综述了潜在的月球基地建设形式，并提出了基于月球风化层模拟物的复合材料和月球基地建设方法的适应性。讨论了使用月球风化层复合材料建造的月球基地的主要需求，包括能源需求、原位可建性、服务性能和结构可用性。这一进展有助于为未来的月球建设提供必要的材料和方法支持。