Extreme rainfall events exacerbated by global warming can pose great threats to soil stability, causing severe soil erosion and triggering various disasters, such as landslide, debris flow, and land degradation. This study explores the efficacy and critical influence factors of a bio-approach utilizing microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) for soil erosion control by conducting a series of laboratory tests. The field trial was also performed to explore the long-term effectiveness of MICP treatment on soil slope under natural rainfall. The laboratory tests results indicate that the peak penetration strength increased 4.43 times, and the soil slaking index and soil loss during rainfall decreased by up to 65.7 % and 92.6 % after MICP treatment. The optimal concentration of cementation solution was found to be 1.0 M. Both the one-phase and two-phase MICP methods proved effective in enhancing soil erosion resistance. However, the two-phase MICP method demonstrated a more pronounced impact on surface soil improvement, while the one-phase MICP method achieved a more uniform treatment effect. The 11-months field erosion trials validated the remarkbale durability of MICP treatment in controlling soil erosion. Additionally, more cycles of MICP treatment further enhanced the soil erosion resistance to rainfall. The bonding and filling effect of MICP-produced CaCO3 precipitates played a crucial role in the improvement of soil water stability and mechnical strength, thereby significantly mitigating soil erosion caused by raindrop and surface runoff during natural rainfall. This study provides valuable suggestions for the pratical application of MICP approch on soil erosion control against increasing extreme rainfall, which is also expected to offer a controllable and sustainable soil improvement solution under the climate change.

中文翻译：

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通过生物方法减轻降雨引起的土壤侵蚀：从实验室测试到田间跟踪


全球变暖加剧的极端降雨事件会对土壤稳定性构成巨大威胁，造成严重的土壤侵蚀，并引发各种灾害，如山体滑坡、泥石流和土地退化。本研究通过进行一系列实验室测试，探讨了利用微生物诱导方解石沉淀 （MICP） 控制土壤侵蚀的生物方法的有效性和关键影响因素。还进行了田间试验，以探讨 MICP 处理对自然降雨下土壤边坡的长期有效性。室内试验结果表明，MICP处理后，峰值贯彻强度提高了4.43倍，降雨期间土壤崩解指数和土壤流失分别降低了65.7 %和92.6 %。发现粘结溶液的最佳浓度为 1.0 M。事实证明，单相和两相 MICP 方法均能有效增强土壤抗侵蚀能力。然而，两相 MICP 方法对表层土壤改良的影响更明显，而一相 MICP 方法则取得了更均匀的处理效果。为期 11 个月的田间侵蚀试验验证了 MICP 处理在控制土壤侵蚀方面的显著持久性。此外，更多的 MICP 处理周期进一步增强了土壤对降雨的抗侵蚀能力。MICP 产生的 CaCO3 沉淀物的粘结和填充作用在提高土壤水分稳定性和机械强度方面起着至关重要的作用，从而显著缓解了自然降雨期间雨滴和地表径流引起的土壤侵蚀。 本研究为实际应用 MICP 应用在极端降雨量增加的土壤侵蚀控制中提供了有价值的建议，也有望在气候变化下提供可控和可持续的土壤改良解决方案。