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Occurrence, bioaccumulation and trophodynamics of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in terrestrial and marine ecosystems of Svalbard, Arctic
Water Research ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-12-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122979
Shiyu Dai, Gaoxin Zhang, Cheng Dong, Ruiqiang Yang, Zhiguo Pei, Yingming Li, An Li, Qinghua Zhang, Guibin Jiang

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) enter the Arctic through long-range transport and local pollution. To date, little is known about their behavior in plant and benthic marine food webs in remote Arctic. In this study, we analyzed the environmental distribution and nutrient transfer of 20 PFAS in soil, sediment, plant and benthic biota samples collected between 2014 and 2016 in Svalbard, Arctic. Total concentrations of PFAS were in the ranges of 0.12–4.84 ng/g dry weight (dw) in soil, 0.15–0.93 ng/g dw in sediment, 0.11–16.6 ng/g dw in plant, and 0.049–26.2 ng/g dw in marine biota. Perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) dominated Σ20PFAS in all sample types except amphipods, in which perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) made up 80% of Σ20PFAS. The profile of PFAS components observed in the terrestrial and marine ecosystems suggests that atmospheric transport and oxidation of volatile precursors are important sources of PFCAs in the Arctic region. However, the impact of long-distance ocean transport and local emissions cannot be ignored. The biota-sediment or biota-soil bioaccumulation factors (BSAF) differed among plants and biota species, with mountain avens (BSAF of Σ20PFAS: 12.1) and amphipods (BSAF of Σ20PFAS: 44.9) having higher accumulation potential. PFOS, perfluorohexane sulfonamide (FHxSA) and Σ20PFAS have biomagnification potential in Arctic benthic biota, but short-chain PFCA exhibits trophic dilution. This is one of few studies to investigate the environmental behavior of PFAS in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the remote Arctic, providing a basis for investigating the ecological risks of PFAS in polar regions.

中文翻译:


北极斯瓦尔巴群岛陆地和海洋生态系统中全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的出现、生物积累和滋养动力学



全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 通过长途运输和局部污染进入北极。迄今为止,人们对它们在偏远北极的植物和底栖海洋食物网中的行为知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们分析了 2014 年至 2016 年在北极斯瓦尔巴群岛收集的土壤、沉积物、植物和底栖生物样本中 20 种 PFAS 的环境分布和养分转移。PFAS 的总浓度在土壤中 0.12-4.84 ng/g 干重 (dw) 范围内,沉积物中 0.15-0.93 ng/g dw,植物中 0.11-16.6 ng/g dw 和海洋生物群中 0.049-26.2 ng/g dw。全氟羧酸 (PFCA) 在除片足类动物以外的所有样品类型中均以 Σ20PFAS 为主,其中全氟辛烷磺酸盐 (PFOS) 占 Σ20PFAS 的 80%。在陆地和海洋生态系统中观察到的 PFAS 成分概况表明,大气传输和挥发性前体的氧化是北极地区 PFCA 的重要来源。然而,远洋运输和本地排放的影响不容忽视。植物和生物群物种的生物群-沉积物或生物群-土壤生物积累因子 (BSAF) 不同,山燕草(Σ20PFAS 的 BSAF:12.1)和片足类动物(Σ20PFAS 的 BSAF:44.9)具有更高的积累潜力。全氟辛烷磺酸、全氟己烷磺酰胺 (FHxSA) 和 Σ20PFAS 在北极底栖生物群中具有生物放大潜力,但短链 PFCA 表现出营养稀释。这是为数不多的调查 PFAS 在偏远北极陆地和水生生态系统中环境行为的研究之一,为调查极地地区 PFAS 的生态风险提供了基础。
更新日期:2024-12-15
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