Carnation is important floral crop. The introduction of wild carnation species is carried out in parallel with research on existing species and varieties. Dianthus plumarius subsp. praecox is a wild species with an extremely high germplasm conservation importance. The most important step in the study of its cultivation is to propagate it in vitro under conditions of minimum impact on nature. Therefore, present work aimed to develop an in vitro micropropagation protocol for this species. Different types of cytokinins, such as 6-benzylaminopurine, 6-benzylaminopurine riboside, meta-topolin, N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N’-phenylurea, kinetin, N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine, zeatin and adenine sulfate, was applied for the in vitro multiplication. Cytokinins were applied alone in a concentration of 4.5 µM, or in the combination of 2.25 µM BA and 2.25 µM KIN. Their effect on the in vitro shoot multiplication and their after-effects on the in vitro rooting were tested. Based on the present detailed study, a micropropoagation protocol was developed, where high shoot multiplication rate (4.7 ± 0.4 shoot/explant with 25.1 ± 1.4-mm-long shoots) could be achieved using zeatin as cytokinin source in the shoot multiplication medium. For successful in vitro rooting 6-benzylaminopurine-containing medium was applied for 3 weeks after shoots multiplication phase on zeatin-containing medium, then shoots were conditioned for 2 weeks on plant growth regulator free medium directly before rooting. With this treatment hyperhydration of in vitro shoots could be decreased from 91 % to 12 % and high frequency (86.7 %) in vitro rooting was gained. Rooted in vitro shoots were successfully acclimatized in 71 %.

中文翻译：

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Dianthus plumarius subsp. praecox（一种野生康乃馨物种）的体外微繁殖，用于观赏园艺和基因保护目的


康乃馨是重要的花卉作物。野生康乃馨物种的引入与对现有物种和变种的研究同时进行。Dianthus plumarius subsp. praecox 是一种野生物种，具有极高的种质保存重要性。研究其培养的最重要步骤是在对自然影响最小的条件下进行体外繁殖。因此，目前的工作旨在为该物种开发一种体外微繁殖方案。不同类型的细胞分裂素，如 6-苄氨基嘌呤、6-苄氨基嘌呤核苷、间托泊林、N-（2-氯-4-吡啶）-N'-苯脲、激动素、N6-（2-异戊烯基）腺嘌呤、玉米素和硫酸腺嘌呤，用于体外繁殖。细胞分裂素以 4.5 μM 的浓度单独应用，或与 2.25 μM BA 和 2.25 μM KIN 的组合应用。测试了它们对体外芽增殖的影响及其对体外生根的后遗症。基于目前的详细研究，开发了一种微增殖方案，其中使用玉米素作为芽增殖培养基中的细胞分裂素来源可以实现高芽增殖速率 （4.7 ± 0.4 芽/外植体，25.1 ± 1.4 mm 长的芽）。为了成功体外生根，在含玉米素的培养基上施用含 6-苄氨基嘌呤的培养基，在芽增殖阶段后施用 3 周，然后在生根前直接在无植物生长调节剂的培养基上将芽培养 2 周。通过这种处理，体外芽的过度脱水可以从 91% 降低到 12%，并且获得了高频 （86.7%） 体外生根。生根的体外芽在 71% 中成功适应。