The Arabian Gulf (AG) exports hypersaline, dense waters into the Sea of Oman (SOO), replaced by fresher inflowing surface waters from the Indian Ocean. We investigate the impact of recent AG warming on its exchange with the SOO and the implications this has on the AG biogeochemistry. Using an eddy-resolving hindcast model simulation, we analyze the hydrography and biogeochemistry of the AG and the SOO from 1980 to 2018. Our study reveals that changes in summer surface winds have accelerated AG warming and weakened it in the SOO, reducing the density gradient and water exchange between the two seas during late summer. This has led to nutrient buildup, increased productivity, and heightened deoxygenation and acidification in the AG. These findings underscore how subtle wind changes can exacerbate the vulnerability of marginal seas to climate change and stress the need to properly represent regional winds in global climate models.

中文翻译：

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夏季风力减弱导致阿拉伯湾加速变暖、脱氧和酸化


阿拉伯湾 （AG） 向阿曼海 （SOO） 输出高盐度、密度高的水域，取而代之的是来自印度洋的更新鲜的流入表层水。我们研究了近期 AG 变暖对其与 SOO 交换的影响及其对 AG 生物地球化学的影响。使用涡流解析后报模型模拟，我们分析了 1980 年至 2018 年 AG 和 SOO 的水文和生物地球化学。我们的研究表明，夏季表层风的变化加速了 AG 的变暖，并在 SOO 中减弱了 AG 的变暖，降低了夏末两海之间的密度梯度和水交换。这导致了 AG 的营养物质积累、生产力提高以及脱氧和酸化加剧。这些发现强调了微小的风变化如何加剧边缘海域对气候变化的脆弱性，并强调了在全球气候模型中正确表示区域风的必要性。