Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is widely cultivated for its economic value. Recently, diverse cultivation management practices have emerged to enhance the productivity and quality of plants and their bioactive compounds, including essential oils (EOs). In this study, bioformulations based on Azotobacter chroococcum 76A (76A), Trichoderma afroharzianum T22 (T22), 6-pentyl-α-pyrone (6PP, a lactone produced by Trichoderma), and a biopolymer (BP), were tested on sweet basil cv. Genovese grown in protected cultivation. The effects of the bioformulations on basil EO content, composition, and biological activities were evaluated. The content of EOs from biotreated plants in 6 out of the 9 bioformulations increased up to 0.68 % w/w in the treatment vs. 0.25 % w/w in the control. The bioformulation applications to the plants modified EOs composition, as was demonstrated by GC-MS analysis, particularly regarding eugenol and linalool percentages. All basil EOs inhibited the growth of different bacterial and fungal strains and reduced biofilm production in plate assays, but EOs from plants treated with T22 alone or in combination with 76A showed better performances, e.g. the EO from T22 + 76A treated plants inhibited up to 92.9 % biofilm production in Escherichia coli, demonstrating potential as alternative to synthetical chemical products for disease control applications in agriculture. The ability of EOs to prevent ROS formation and their wound-healing activity in vitro were also examined, with EOs from T22 + 76A treated plants demonstrating the major antioxidant activity. Our findings support the development of innovative formulations based on microbial consortia that can stimulate the production of aromatic and nutraceutical compounds in basil leaves.

中文翻译：

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基于木霉菌和固氮杆菌联盟的生物制剂可调节甜罗勒 （Ocimum basilicum L.） cv 的组成并提高生物活性。热那亚精油


罗勒 （Ocimum basilicum L.） 因其经济价值而被广泛种植。最近，出现了多样化的栽培管理实践，以提高植物及其生物活性化合物（包括精油 （EO））的生产力和质量。在这项研究中，基于酰固子球菌 76A （76A）、非洲木霉 T22 （T22）、6-戊基-α-吡喃酮（6PP，木霉菌产生的内酯）和生物聚合物 （BP） 的生物制剂在甜罗勒 cv 上进行了测试。热那亚生长在受保护的耕作中。评估了生物制剂对罗勒 EO 含量、组成和生物活性的影响。在 9 种生物制剂中，有 6 种生物制剂中来自生物处理植物的 EO 含量在处理中增加了高达 0.68 % w/w，而在对照中则增加了 0.25% w/w。正如 GC-MS 分析所证明的那样，生物制剂在植物中的应用改变了 EO 的组成，特别是在丁香酚和芳樟醇百分比方面。在平板测定中，所有罗勒 EO 都抑制了不同细菌和真菌菌株的生长，并减少了生物膜的产生，但来自单独用 T22 或与 76A 联合处理的植物的 EO 显示出更好的性能，例如来自 T22 + 76A 处理植物的 EO 抑制了大肠杆菌中高达 92.9% 的生物膜产生，显示出作为合成化学产品替代品的潜力农业疾病控制应用。还检查了 EO 在体外阻止 ROS 形成的能力及其伤口愈合活性，来自 T22 + 76A 处理植物的 EO 表现出主要的抗氧化活性。 我们的研究结果支持开发基于微生物群落的创新配方，这些配方可以刺激罗勒叶中芳香族和营养化合物的产生。