The construction sector contributes to over 35 % of the garbage and emissions of greenhouse gases in the European Union. The importance of renewable natural resources in producing low-energy, environmentally friendly products is increasing. The possibility of creating alternative building materials, such as bio-composites, is expanding. This study reveals the possibility of modifying native potato starch (PS) subjected to treatment with sodium silicate solution (SS), glycerol (GL) and phase change materials (PCM) in purpose to improve hemp shive bio-aggregate based composite mechanical and heat storage properties. Directly using SS and GL as starch modifying generally saves materials and energy necessary for hemp shive pre-treatment (washing, preparing, drying, saving working hours) and does not produce waste. The bio-composite can be made stronger by as much as twofold, and its water absorption can be reduced by up to 27 % by modifying the starch binder and applying a heat treatment procedure. Adding PCM may increase the samples‘ heat capacity by up to 35 %. At the same time, it prevents swelling, reduces water absorption, and allows for increased mechanical strength, satisfying its use as a construction thermal insulation material. The effect of three different preheating temperatures (i.e., 60, 40, and 35 °C) was studied, imitating possible summer temperatures reached on the building wall in the bio-composites with PCM. The time to reach PCM phase transition temperatures of 27 and 23 °C depends on preheating temperature. Preheating at higher temperatures positively influences PCM effectivity in the bio-composite.

中文翻译：

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采用集成相变材料 （PCM） 的新型生物复合材料在提高建筑物节能效果方面的实验研究


建筑业占欧盟垃圾和温室气体排放的 35% 以上。可再生自然资源在生产低能耗、环保产品方面的重要性日益增加。创造替代建筑材料（例如生物复合材料）的可能性正在扩大。本研究揭示了对天然马铃薯淀粉 （PS） 进行硅酸钠溶液 （SS）、甘油 （GL） 和相变材料 （PCM） 处理的可能性，以改善基于大麻的生物骨料复合机械和储热性能。直接使用 SS 和 GL 作为淀粉改性通常可以节省麻壳预处理（清洗、制备、干燥、节省工时）所需的材料和能源，并且不会产生废物。生物复合材料的强度可以提高两倍之多，通过改性淀粉粘合剂和应用热处理程序，其吸水率最多可降低 27%。添加相变材料可将样品的热容增加多达 35%。同时，它可以防止膨胀，减少吸水率，并提高机械强度，满足其作为建筑保温材料的用途。研究了三种不同预热温度（即 60、40 和 35 °C）的影响，模拟了 PCM 生物复合材料中建筑物墙壁上可能达到的夏季温度。达到 27 °C 和 23 °C 的 PCM 相变温度的时间取决于预热温度。在较高温度下预热对生物复合材料中的 PCM 有效性产生积极影响。