A considerable amount of produced construction and demolition waste (C&DW) has necessitated effective investigation on its life-cycle impacts and benefits to achieve a sustainable waste management chain. However, previous studies have predominantly relied on static approaches, which fail to account for the dynamic changes in the life cycle of C&DW management, thereby limiting the scalability and transferability of information across diverse spatial and temporal contexts. To address this gap, a dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) model was developed with assistance of system dynamics (SD) method to evaluate environmental performance under various C&DW reduction (C&DWR) policies. This model simulates the real-time impact scores of Italy's C&DW management (C&DWM) system for the period 2010 to 2050. Initially, a base model was developed to evaluate the environmental impact of C&DWM. The base model was subsequently expanded to evaluate various C&DWM scenarios, including resource use, CO₂ emissions, and overall environmental performance. Scenario analyses suggested that the adoption of waste reduction policies (e.g., simultaneously increasing landfill tax, decreasing design changes, applying low-waste technologies, and improving regulation execution) could effectively mitigate resource use and environmental burden. The results demonstrated that these policies would significantly influence the life cycle performance of C&DW. The environmental impact of the integrated policy exceeded that of all single policies. The integrated scenario, which would result in the greatest reduction in carbon emissions, exhibited considerable benefits. Furthermore, it is recommended to promote the development of C&DWM measures and renewable energy with high utilization rates to mitigate the impact of waste accumulation and ensure sustainable development.

中文翻译：

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意大利建筑和拆除废物管理和减少的生命周期评估和系统动力学综合模型


大量产生的建筑和拆除废物 （C&DW） 需要对其生命周期影响和效益进行有效调查，以实现可持续的废物管理链。然而，以前的研究主要依赖于静态方法，这些方法未能解释 C&DW 管理生命周期中的动态变化，从而限制了信息在不同空间和时间背景下的可扩展性和可转移性。为了解决这一差距，在系统动力学 （SD） 方法的帮助下开发了动态生命周期评估 （LCA） 模型，以评估各种 C&DW 减少 （C&DWR） 政策下的环境绩效。该模型模拟了 2010 年至 2050 年期间意大利 C&DW 管理 （C&DWM） 系统的实时影响得分。最初，开发了一个基本模型来评估 C&DWM 的环境影响。随后扩展了基本模型以评估各种 C&DWM 情景，包括资源使用、CO ₂ 排放和整体环境绩效。情景分析表明，采用减少废物政策（例如，同时增加垃圾填埋税、减少设计变更、应用低废物技术和改善法规执行）可以有效减轻资源使用和环境负担。结果表明，这些政策将显著影响 C&DW 的生命周期性能。综合保单的环境影响超过了所有单一保单。综合情景将最大程度地减少碳排放，显示出相当大的好处。 此外，建议推动 C&DWM 措施和高利用率的可再生能源的发展，以减轻废物积累的影响并确保可持续发展。