Single-solute batch kinetic and isotherm experiments were conducted in Type 1 (18.2 MΩ·cm resistivity) water supplemented with 10 mM carbonate buffer (pH 7.75, 25°C) for nine drinking water relevant perfluoroalkyl chemicals and three bituminous-coal based granular activated carbons (GACs). Except for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), mass transfer was well represented by a film diffusion model, which estimated a film diffusion coefficient (k_L). For PFOS, a batch pore and surface diffusion model better represented the data and allowed estimation of both $k_L$$k_L$ and a surface diffusion coefficient (D_s). Adsorption was well described by the Freundlich isotherm, and for a given perfluoroalkyl chemical at equilibrium, the three GACs showed similar solid phase density (q_e) for a given liquid concentration (c_e). For each GAC and at c_e ≤ 1000 ng/L, log q_e increased linearly with perfluoroalkyl chemical carbon chain length for both perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs). GenX, a perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acid containing six carbon atoms, showed similar adsorption with the PFCA perfluorohexanoic acid. The impact of particle size (d_P) on kinetic and isotherm parameters was investigated: (i) for PFOS, D_s increased with increasing d_P, with some overlap in confidence intervals; (ii) for PFSAs, Freundlich K_f and 1/n showed decreasing and increasing trends, respectively, with increasing d_P. Potential implications of the d_P impact were explored with PFOS breakthrough simulations under different rapid small-scale column test conditions where carbon usage rate estimations varied by –49% to 6% from the baseline simulation, depending on the d_P and scaling approach.

中文翻译：

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颗粒活性炭对全氟烷基化学吸附：粒径对平衡参数影响的评估和相关的快速小规模色谱柱测试缩放假设


在补充有 10 mM 碳酸盐缓冲液 （pH 7.75， 25°C） 的 1 型 （电阻率 18.2 MΩ·cm） 水中进行单溶质批量动力学和等温线实验，用于 9 种饮用水相关全氟烷基化学品和 3 种烟煤基颗粒活性炭 （GAC）。除全氟辛烷磺酸 （PFOS） 外，传质由薄膜扩散模型很好地表示，该模型估计了薄膜扩散系数 （k _L ）。对于 PFOS，批量孔隙和表面扩散模型更好地代表了数据，并允许对两者 $k_L$ 和表面扩散系数 （D _s ） 进行估计。Freundlich 等温线很好地描述了吸附，对于处于平衡状态的给定全氟烷基化学品，在给定的液体浓度 （c _e ） 下，三种 GAC 显示出相似的固相密度 （q _e ）。对于每个 GAC 和 c _e ≤ 1000 ng/L 时，全氟烷基羧酸 （PFCA） 和全氟烷烃磺酸 （PFSA） 的 log q _e 随全氟烷基化学碳链长度线性增加。GenX 是一种含有六个碳原子的全氟烷基醚羧酸，与 PFCA 全氟己酸表现出相似的吸附。研究了粒径 （d _P ） 对动力学和等温线参数的影响：（i） 对于全氟辛烷磺酸，D _s 随着 d _P 的增加而增加，置信区间有一些重叠;（ii） 对于 PFSA，Freundlich K _f 和 1/n 分别表现出下降和上升趋势，随着 d _P 的增加。 在不同的快速小规模柱测试条件下，通过全氟辛烷磺酸突破性模拟探讨了 d _P 影响的潜在影响，其中碳使用率估计值与基线模拟相差 -49% 至 6%，具体取决于 d _P 和缩放方法。