Construction sites are high-risk environments owing to the dynamic changes and improper placement of temporary facilities, requiring comprehensive safety management and spatial hazard analyses. Existing construction site layout planning (CSLP) studies have limitations in identifying hazardous zones and accommodating the flexibility stakeholders require. This paper introduces a site information model framework to define digital objects and relationships in the CSLP, proposing methods to identify automatically unsafe spaces by considering facility hazards and visibility. By establishing ontological relationships and developing algorithms to quantify risk in unoccupied spaces, the framework identifies unsafe spaces in alignment with the perceptions of safety practitioners. Case studies at four sites demonstrated the reliability of the framework with a high precision, recall, and an F1-score of 0.945. This framework allows safety practitioners to evaluate systematically and improve site layouts during the preconstruction phase. Future integration with scheduling information could enhance the spatiotemporal hazard analysis and contribute to safer construction sites.

中文翻译：

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使用 2D 数字信息模型自动识别建筑工地上的危险区域


由于临时设施的动态变化和不当放置，建筑工地是高风险环境，需要全面的安全管理和空间危害分析。现有的施工现场布局规划 （CSLP） 研究在识别危险区域和满足利益相关者所需的灵活性方面存在局限性。本文介绍了一个站点信息模型框架来定义 CSLP 中的数字对象和关系，并提出了通过考虑设施危险和可见性来自动识别不安全空间的方法。通过建立本体论关系和开发算法来量化空置空间的风险，该框架根据安全从业人员的看法识别不安全的空间。四个地点的案例研究证明了该框架的可靠性，具有高精度、召回率和 0.945 的 F1 分数。该框架允许安全从业人员在施工前阶段系统地评估并改进现场布局。未来与调度信息的集成可以增强时空灾害分析，并有助于更安全的建筑工地。