Curcuma alismatifolia is an important ornamental plant of significant economic value, while the floral fragrance has been rarely investigated, leading to a lack of knowledge about the floral scent. By performing metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, we investigated the variation of 906 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in florets of eight C. alismatifolia cultivars and four different developmental stages of ‘Chiang Mai Pink’ (CMP). The metabolite profiling revealed that the terpenoid group (213 out of 906) was the predominant VOC, accounting for 33.5% and 43.4% of total VOC contents in the florets of different cultivars and developmental stages, respectively. Sweet and woody were the predominant odors not only in different cultivars but also during developmental stages. The varied intensities of other odors contributed to forming odor diversities in C. alismatifolia floret. We uncovered seven terpenoid synthetase (TPS) genes and four MYB genes of significant association with the biosynthesis of terpenoids in eight cultivars and floret development, respectively. We performed an activity assay on four selected TPS genes and identified that Chr15HA1352 and Chr15HA2528 are responsible for the biosynthesis of α-farnesene. The significant association between the MYB gene (Chr03HA28) and seven terpenoids can be observed among different cultivars and during different developmental stages. These findings highlight the varying floral scents in different cultivars and floret development and suggest the potential roles of identified TPS and MYB genes in the biosynthesis of terpenoids in C. alismatifolia.

中文翻译：

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代谢组学和转录组学分析提供了对不同品种花香和分子调控变化以及 Curcuma alismatifolia 花发育的见解


Curcuma alismatifolia 是一种具有重要经济价值的重要观赏植物，而花香很少被研究，导致对花香缺乏了解。通过进行代谢组学和转录组学分析，我们研究了 8 个 C. alismatifolia 品种和 'Chiang Mai Pink' （CMP） 的 4 个不同发育阶段小花中 906 种挥发性有机化合物 （VOCs） 的变化。代谢物分析显示，萜类化合物（906 个中的 213 个）是主要的 VOC，分别占不同品种和发育阶段小花中 VOC 总含量的 33.5% 和 43.4%。甜味和木质味不仅是不同品种的主要气味，而且在发育阶段也是主要气味。其他气味的不同强度有助于在 C. alismatifolia 小花中形成气味多样性。我们发现了 8 个品种中 7 个萜类合成酶 （TPS） 基因和 4 个 MYB 基因，分别与萜类化合物的生物合成和小花发育显著相关。我们对四个选定的 TPS 基因进行了活性测定，并确定 Chr15HA1352 和 Chr15HA2528 负责 α-法呢烯的生物合成。MYB 基因 （Chr03HA28） 与 7 种萜类化合物之间的显著关联可以在不同品种和不同的发育阶段观察到。这些发现突出了不同栽培品种和小花发育中不同的花香，并表明已鉴定的 TPS 和 MYB 基因在 C. alismatifolia 中萜类化合物生物合成中的潜在作用。